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A polynomial-time scheduling approach to minimise idle energy consumption: An application to an industrial furnace
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SYSNO ASEP 0536752 Document Type J - Journal Article R&D Document Type Journal Article Subsidiary J Článek ve WOS Title A polynomial-time scheduling approach to minimise idle energy consumption: An application to an industrial furnace Author(s) Benedikt, O. (CZ)
Alikoç, B. (CZ)
Šůcha, P. (CZ)
Čelikovský, Sergej (UTIA-B) RID, ORCID
Hanzálek, Z. (CZ)Number of authors 5 Article number 105167 Source Title Computers & Operations Research. - : Elsevier - ISSN 0305-0548
Roč. 128, č. 1 (2021)Number of pages 15 s. Publication form Print - P Language eng - English Country NL - Netherlands Keywords Scheduling ; Energy optimisation ; Operational research ; Optimal control ; Electric furnaces Subject RIV BC - Control Systems Theory OECD category Robotics and automatic control Method of publishing Limited access Institutional support UTIA-B - RVO:67985556 UT WOS 000632975100001 EID SCOPUS 85098205812 DOI 10.1016/j.cor.2020.105167 Annotation This article presents a novel scheduling approach to minimise the energy consumption of a machine during its idle periods. In the scheduling domain, it is common to model the behaviour of the machine by defining a small set of machine modes, e.g. ‘‘on”, ‘‘off” and ‘‘stand-by”. Then the transitions between the modes are represented by a static transition graph. In this paper, we argue that this type of model might be too restrictive for some types of machines (e.g. the furnaces). For such machines, we propose to employ the complete time-domain dynamics and integrate it into an idle energy function. This way, the scheduling algorithm can exploit the full knowledge about the machine dynamics with minimised energy consumption encapsulated in this function. In this paper, we study a scheduling problem, where the tasks characterised by release times and deadlines are scheduled in the given order such that the idle energy consumption of the machine is minimised. We show that this problem can be solved in polynomial time whenever the idle energy function is concave. To highlight the practical applicability, we analyse a heat-intensive system employing a steel-hardening furnace. We derive an energy optimal control law, and the corresponding idle energy function, for the bilinear system model approximating the dynamics of the furnace (and possibly other heat-intensive systems). Further, we prove that the idle energy function is, indeed, concave in this case. Therefore, the proposed scheduling algorithm can be used. Numerical experiments show that by using our approach, combining both the optimal control and optimal scheduling, higher energy savings can be achieved, compared to the state-of-the-art scheduling approaches. Workplace Institute of Information Theory and Automation Contact Markéta Votavová, votavova@utia.cas.cz, Tel.: 266 052 201. Year of Publishing 2022 Electronic address https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305054820302847?via%3Dihub
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