Interspecies variation in hominid gut microbiota controls host gene regulation

0549092 - ÚBO 2022 RIV US eng J - Journal Article
Muehlbauer, A. L. - Richards, A. L. - Alazizi, A. - Burns, M. B. - Gomez, A. - Clayton, J. B. - Petrželková, Klára Judita - Cascardo, C. - Resztak, J. - Wen, X. - Pique-Regi, R. - Luca, F. - Blekhman, R.
Interspecies variation in hominid gut microbiota controls host gene regulation.
Cell Reports. Roč. 37, č. 8 (2021), č. článku 110057. ISSN 2211-1247. E-ISSN 2211-1247
R&D Projects: GA MŠMT(CZ) LH15175
Institutional support: RVO:68081766
Keywords : Gut microbiome * Primates * Hominids * Gene regulation
OECD category: Microbiology
Impact factor: 9.995, year: 2021
Method of publishing: Open access
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124721015436?via%3Dihub

The gut microbiome exhibits extreme compositional variation between hominid hosts. However, it is unclear how this variation impacts host physiology across species and whether this effect can be mediated through microbial regulation of host gene expression in interacting epithelial cells. Here, we characterize the transcriptional response of human colonic epithelial cells in vitro to live microbial communities extracted from humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans. We find that most host genes exhibit a conserved response, whereby they respond similarly to the four hominid microbiomes. However, hundreds of host genes exhibit a divergent response, whereby they respond only to microbiomes from specific host species. Such genes are associated with intestinal diseases in humans, including inflammatory bowel disease and Crohn's disease. Last, we find that inflammation-associated microbial species regulate the expression of host genes previously associated with inflammatory bowel disease, suggesting health-related consequences for species-specific host-microbiome interactions across hominids.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0325114