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Introduction to RNAi and miRNA pathways
- 1.0523491 - ÚMG 2020 RIV CZ eng M - Monography Chapter
Svoboda, Petr
RNAi and miRNA pathways in nematodes.
Introduction to RNAi and miRNA pathways. Praha: Karolinum, 2019 - (Svoboda, P.), s. 1-339. ISBN 978-80-246-4372-4
R&D Projects: GA MŠMT LO1220
Institutional support: RVO:68378050
Keywords : dsRNA * siRNA * miRNA * Dicer * Argonaute * RNAi * RdRP
OECD category: Biology (theoretical, mathematical, thermal, cryobiology, biological rhythm), Evolutionary biology
RNA silencing denotes sequence-specific repression mediated by small RNAs. In metazoa, there are two mechanistically closely related pathways: RNA interference (RNAi) and microRNA (miRNA) pathway. The miRNA pathway serves to regulate endogenous protein-coding gene expression and has been implicated in many biological processes. RNAi generally serves as a form of innate immunity targeting viruses and mobile elements. This review is summarizing information about RNAi and miRNA pathways in the phylum Nematoda. Research on miRNA and RNAi pathway in the phylum Nematoda has been primarily using Caenorhabditis elegans model system and related species. In fact, miRNA and RNAi pathways were both discovered in this model system. Studies in Caenorhabditis elegans revealed highly complex organization of small RNA pathways despite there is just a single Dicer gene. The complexity of small RNA pathways in Caenorhabditis elegans stems from a large number of Argonaute proteins and three RNA-dependent RNA polymerases, which establish an intricate system of primary and secondary small RNAs with different biological functions in the cytoplasm and nucleus. This review focuses on the miRNA pathway and pathways initiated by long dsRNA. The first part introduces the key molecular players of RNA silencing in nematodes. The second summarizes miRNA and dsRNA-induced mechanisms, in this case RNAi (exogenous = exo-RNAi and endogenous = endo-RNAi) and adenosine deamination (nematodes do not have the interferon system like vertebrate groups).
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0307854
Number of the records: 1