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Experimental and Computational Modeling of the Effects of Voice Therapy Using Tubes
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SYSNO ASEP 0506116 Document Type J - Journal Article R&D Document Type Journal Article Subsidiary J Článek ve WOS Title Experimental and Computational Modeling of the Effects of Voice Therapy Using Tubes Author(s) Horáček, Jaromír (UT-L) RID, ORCID
Radolf, Vojtěch (UT-L) RID, ORCID
Laukkanen, A.M. (FI)Number of authors 3 Source Title Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research. - : American Speech-Language-Hearing Association - ISSN 1092-4388
Roč. 62, č. 7 (2019), s. 2227-2244Number of pages 17 s. Publication form Print - P Language eng - English Country US - United States Keywords biomechanics of voice ; vocal tract acoustics - formant frequencies ; maximum glottal area declination rate Subject RIV BI - Acoustics OECD category Acoustics R&D Projects GA16-01246S GA ČR - Czech Science Foundation (CSF) Method of publishing Limited access Institutional support UT-L - RVO:61388998 UT WOS 000479123500012 EID SCOPUS 85069949631 DOI 10.1044/2019_JSLHR-S-17-0490 Annotation Purpose: Phonations into a tube with the distal end either in the air or submerged in water are used for voice therapy. This study explores the effective mechanisms of these therapy methods. Method: The study applied a physical model complemented by calculations from a computational model, and the results were compared to those that have been reported for humans. The effects of tube phonation on vocal tract resonances and oral pressure variation were studied. The relationships of transglottic pressure variation in time Ptrans(t) versus glottal area variation in time GA(t) were constructed. Results: The physical model revealed that, for the phonation on [u:] vowel through a glass resonance tube ending in the air, the 1st formant frequency (F1) decreased by 67%, from 315 Hz to 105 Hz, thus slightly above the fundamental frequency (F0) that was set to 90–94 Hz. For phonation through the tube into water, F1 decreased by 91%–92%, reaching 26–28 Hz, and the water bubbling frequency Fb = 19–24 Hz was just below F1. The relationships of Ptrans(t) versus GA(t) clearly differentiate vowel phonation from both therapy methods, and show a physical background for voice therapy with tubes. It is shown that comparable results have been measured in humans during tube therapy. For the tube in air, F1 descends closer to F0, whereas for the tube in water, the frequency Fb occurs close to the acoustic-mechanical resonance of the human vocal tract. Conclusion: In both therapy methods, part of the airflow energy required for phonation is substituted by the acoustic energy utilizing the 1st acoustic resonance. Thus, less flow energy is needed for vocal fold vibration, which results in improved vocal efficiency. The effect can be stronger in water resistance therapy if the frequency Fb approaches the acoustic-mechanical resonance of the vocal tract, while simultaneously F0 is voluntarily changed close to F1. Workplace Institute of Thermomechanics Contact Marie Kajprová, kajprova@it.cas.cz, Tel.: 266 053 154 ; Jana Lahovská, jaja@it.cas.cz, Tel.: 266 053 823 Year of Publishing 2020 Electronic address https://pubs.asha.org/doi/10.1044/2019_JSLHR-S-17-0490
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