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Dioxins and furans in biochars, hydrochars and torrefcates produced by thermochemical conversion of biomass: a review
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SYSNO ASEP 0574070 Document Type J - Journal Article R&D Document Type Journal Article Subsidiary J Článek ve WOS Title Dioxins and furans in biochars, hydrochars and torrefcates produced by thermochemical conversion of biomass: a review Author(s) Sobol, L. (PL)
Dyjakon, A. (PL)
Soukup, Karel (UCHP-M) RID, SAI, ORCIDSource Title Environmental Chemistry Letters - ISSN 1610-3653
Roč. 21, č. 4 (2023), s. 2225-2249Number of pages 25 s. Language eng - English Country DE - Germany Keywords hydrothermal carbonization ; torrefaction ; pyrolysis OECD category Environmental sciences (social aspects to be 5.7) Method of publishing Open access Institutional support UCHP-M - RVO:67985858 UT WOS 000973356900001 EID SCOPUS 85153053482 DOI 10.1007/s10311-023-01600-7 Annotation Converting raw biomass into valuable products protects the environment, improves economics, and helps tackle climate change by cutting resource demand and waste production. Thermochemical treatment is a common method for producing biochars, hydrochars and torreficates from biomass and organic wastes, which can also generate dioxins and furans and consequently limit the use of thermochemically converted chars. Here we review the presence of dioxins and furans in chars produced by hydrothermal carbonization, torrefaction, and pyrolysis processes under the influence of temperature, residence time, heating rate, pressure, and feedstock type. Dioxins and furans were mostly below 20 ng total toxic equivalence per
kilogram (TEQ kg −1 ), with the highest level of 113 ng TEQ kg −1 found in over 100 samples of different char types. The most toxic products were hydrochars produced from sewage sludge. Processing temperature and feedstock type were key factors resulting in high dioxin levels in chars, and care should be taken when producing chars at temperatures up to 300 °C or using feedstocks previously contaminated with dioxins or preservatives.Workplace Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals Contact Eva Jirsová, jirsova@icpf.cas.cz, Tel.: 220 390 227 Year of Publishing 2024 Electronic address https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10311-023-01600-7
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