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Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Chromerids
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SYSNO ASEP 0540627 Document Type J - Journal Article R&D Document Type Journal Article Subsidiary J Článek ve WOS Title Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Chromerids Author(s) Tomčala, Aleš (BC-A) RID
Michálek, Jan (BC-A) ORCID
Schneedorferová, Ivana (BC-A) ORCID
Füssy, Zoltán (BC-A) RID, ORCID
Gruber, Ansgar (BC-A) RID, ORCID
Vancová, Marie (BC-A) RID, ORCID
Oborník, Miroslav (BC-A) RID, ORCIDNumber of authors 7 Article number 1102 Source Title Biomolecules. - : MDPI
Roč. 10, č. 8 (2020)Number of pages 25 s. Publication form Online - E Language eng - English Country CH - Switzerland Keywords phaeodactylum-tricornutum ; photosynthetic alveolate ; protozoan parasites ; nitrogen-limitation ; signal peptides ; enoyl-reductase ; plastid genome ; life-cycle ; velia ; apicomplexa ; Chromera velia ; Vitrella brassicaformis ; fatty acids ; de novo biosynthesis ; evolution ; elongation ; desaturation Subject RIV EA - Cell Biology OECD category Biology (theoretical, mathematical, thermal, cryobiology, biological rhythm), Evolutionary biology R&D Projects GA18-13458S GA ČR - Czech Science Foundation (CSF) LM2015062 GA MŠMT - Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) EF16_019/0000759 GA MŠMT - Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) Method of publishing Open access Institutional support BC-A - RVO:60077344 UT WOS 000577796500001 EID SCOPUS 85088572573 DOI 10.3390/biom10081102 Annotation Fatty acids are essential components of biological membranes, important for the maintenance of cellular structures, especially in organisms with complex life cycles like protozoan parasites. Apicomplexans are obligate parasites responsible for various deadly diseases of humans and livestock. We analyzed the fatty acids produced by the closest phototrophic relatives of parasitic apicomplexans, the chromeridsChromera veliaandVitrella brassicaformis, and investigated the genes coding for enzymes involved in fatty acids biosynthesis in chromerids, in comparison to their parasitic relatives. Based on evidence from genomic and metabolomic data, we propose a model of fatty acid synthesis in chromerids: the plastid-localized FAS-II pathway is responsible for the de novo synthesis of fatty acids reaching the maximum length of 18 carbon units. Short saturated fatty acids (C14:0-C18:0) originate from the plastid are then elongated and desaturated in the cytosol and the endoplasmic reticulum. We identified giant FAS I-like multi-modular enzymes in both chromerids, which seem to be involved in polyketide synthesis and fatty acid elongation. This full-scale description of the biosynthesis of fatty acids and their derivatives provides important insights into the reductive evolutionary transition of a phototropic algal ancestor to obligate parasites. Workplace Biology Centre (since 2006) Contact Dana Hypšová, eje@eje.cz, Tel.: 387 775 214 Year of Publishing 2021 Electronic address https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/8/1102
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