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An Evolutionary and Environmental Perspective of the Interaction of Nanomaterials with the Immune System-The Outcomes of the EU Project PANDORA
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SYSNO ASEP 0572820 Document Type M - Monograph Chapter R&D Document Type Monograph Chapter Title The Effects of In Vivo Exposure to Copper Oxide Nanoparticles on the Gut Microbiome, Host Immunity, and Susceptibility to a Bacterial Infection in Earthworms
Author(s) Swart, E. (GB)
Dvořák, Jiří (MBU-M) RID, ORCID
Szabolcs, A. (HU)
Goodall, T. (GB)
Kille, P. (GB)
Spurgeon, D. (GB)
Svendsen, C. (GB)
Procházková, Petra (MBU-M) RID, ORCIDSource Title An Evolutionary and Environmental Perspective of the Interaction of Nanomaterials with the Immune System-The Outcomes of the EU Project PANDORA. - Basel : MDPI, 2022 / Boraschi D. - ISBN 978-3-0365-3948-5 Pages s. 115-135 Number of pages 21 s. Number of pages 218 Publication form Print - P Language eng - English Country CH - Switzerland Keywords innate immunity ; infection ; microbiome ; survival ; nanomaterials ; nanoparticles ; copper ; earthworms ; Eisenia fetida Subject RIV EC - Immunology OECD category Immunology Institutional support MBU-M - RVO:61388971 Annotation Nanomaterials (NMs) can interact with the innate immunity of organisms. It remains, however, unclear whether these interactions can compromise the immune functioning of the host when faced with a disease threat. Co-exposure with pathogens is thus a powerful approach to assess the immuno-safety of NMs. In this paper, we studied the impacts of in vivo exposure to a biocidal NM on the gut microbiome, host immune responses, and susceptibility of the host to a bacterial challenge in an earthworm. Eisenia fetida were exposed to CuO-nanoparticles in soil for 28 days, after which the earthworms were challenged with the soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis. Immune responses were monitored by measuring mRNA levels of known earthworm immune genes. Effects of treatments on the gut microbiome were also assessed to link microbiome changes to immune responses. Treatments caused a shift in the earthworm gut microbiome. Despite these effects, no impacts of treatment on the expression of earthworm immune markers were recorded. The methodological approach applied in this paper provides a useful framework for improved assessment of immuno-safety of NMs. In addition, we highlight the need to investigate time as a factor in earthworm immune responses to NM exposure.
Workplace Institute of Microbiology Contact Eliška Spurná, eliska.spurna@biomed.cas.cz, Tel.: 241 062 231 Year of Publishing 2024 Electronic address https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/1/250
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