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No evidence of racial disparities in blood pressure salt sensitivity when potassium intake exceeds levels recommended in the US dietary guidelines
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SYSNO ASEP 0542651 Document Type J - Journal Article R&D Document Type Journal Article Subsidiary J Článek ve WOS Title No evidence of racial disparities in blood pressure salt sensitivity when potassium intake exceeds levels recommended in the US dietary guidelines Author(s) Kurtz, T. W. (US)
DiCarlo, S. E. (US)
Pravenec, Michal (FGU-C) RID, ORCID
Morris Jr., R. C. (US)Source Title American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology. - : American Physiological Society - ISSN 0363-6135
Roč. 320, č. 5 (2021), H1903-H1918Number of pages 16 s. Language eng - English Country US - United States Keywords hypertension ; nitrate ; race ; salt-sensitive ; sodium Subject RIV FA - Cardiovascular Diseases incl. Cardiotharic Surgery OECD category Cardiac and Cardiovascular systems Method of publishing Limited access Institutional support FGU-C - RVO:67985823 UT WOS 000661571000001 EID SCOPUS 85105320611 DOI 10.1152/ajpheart.00980.2020 Annotation On average, black individuals are widely believed to be more sensitive than white individuals to blood pressure (BP) effects of changes in salt intake. However, few studies have directly compared the BP effects of changing salt intake in black versus white individuals. In this narrative review, we analyze those studies and note that when potassium intake substantially exceeds the recently recommended US dietary goal of 87 mmol/day, black adults do not appear more sensitive than white adults to BP effects of short-term or long-term increases in salt intake (from an intake ≤50 mmol/day up to 150 mmol/day or more). However, with lower potassium intakes, racial differences in salt sensitivity are observed. Mechanistic studies suggest that racial differences in salt sensitivity are related to differences in vascular resistance responses to changes in salt intake mediated by vasodilator and vasoconstrictor pathways. With respect to cause and prevention of racial disparities in salt sensitivity, it is noteworthy that 1) on average, black individuals consume less potassium than white individuals and 2) consuming supplemental potassium bicarbonate, or potassium rich foods can prevent racial disparities in salt sensitivity. However, the new US dietary guidelines reduced the dietary potassium goal well below the amount associated with preventing racial disparities in salt sensitivity. These observations should motivate research on the impact of the new dietary potassium guidelines on racial disparities in salt sensitivity, the risks and benefits of potassium-containing salt substitutes or supplements, and methods for increasing consumption of foods rich in nutrients that protect against salt-induced hypertension. Workplace Institute of Physiology Contact Lucie Trajhanová, lucie.trajhanova@fgu.cas.cz, Tel.: 241 062 400 Year of Publishing 2022 Electronic address https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00980.2020
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