Schwann Cell Precursors Generate the Majority of Chromaffin Cells in Zuckerkandl Organ and Some Sympathetic Neurons in Paraganglia

0503757 - ÚŽFG 2020 RIV CH eng J - Journal Article
Kastriti, M.E. - Kameneva, P. - Kamenev, D. - Dyachuk, V. - Furlan, A. - Hampl, Marek - Memic, F. - Marklund, U. - Lallemend, F. - Hadjab, S. - Calvo-Enrique, L. - Ernfors, P. - Fried, K. - Adameyko, I.
Schwann Cell Precursors Generate the Majority of Chromaffin Cells in Zuckerkandl Organ and Some Sympathetic Neurons in Paraganglia.
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience. Roč. 12, JAN 25 (2019), č. článku 6. ISSN 1662-5099. E-ISSN 1662-5099
R&D Projects: GA MŠMT EF16_027/0008502
Institutional support: RVO:67985904
Keywords : Zuckerkandl organ * extra-adrenal chromaffin cells * posterior trunk sympathetic ganglia
OECD category: Cell biology
Impact factor: 4.057, year: 2019
Method of publishing: Open access
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnmol.2019.00006/full

In humans, neurosecretory chromaffin cells control a number of important bodily functions, including those related to stress response. Chromaffin cells appear as a distinct cell type at the beginning of midgestation and are the main cellular source of adrenalin and noradrenalin released into the blood stream. In mammals, two different chromaffin organs emerge at a close distance to each other, the adrenal gland and Zuckerkandl organ (ZO). These two structures are found in close proximity to the kidneys and dorsal aorta, in a region where paraganglioma, pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoma originate in the majority of clinical cases. Recent studies showed that the chromaffin cells comprising the adrenal medulla are largely derived from nerve-associated multipotent Schwann cell precursors (SCPs) arriving at the adrenal anlage with the preganglionic nerve fibers, whereas the migratory neural crest cells provide only minor contribution. However, the embryonic origin of the ZO, which differs from the adrenal medulla in a number of aspects, has not been studied in detail. The ZO is composed of chromaffin cells in direct contact with the dorsal aorta and the intraperitoneal cavity and disappears through an autophagy-mediated mechanism after birth. In contrast, the adrenal medulla remains throughout the entire life and furthermore, is covered by the adrenal cortex. Using a combination of lineage tracing strategies with nerve- and cell type-specific ablations, we reveal that the ZO is largely SCP-derived and forms in synchrony with progressively increasing innervation.Finally, we were able to provide evidence for a SCP-contribution to a small but significant proportion of sympathetic neurons of the posterior paraganglia. Thus, this cellular source complements the neural crest, which acts as a main source of sympathetic neurons. Our discovery of a nerve-dependent origin of chromaffin cells and some sympathoblasts may help to understand the origin of pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma and neuroblastoma, all of which are currently thought to be derived from the neural crest or committed sympathoadrenal precursors.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0295542