X-ray polarization properties of partially ionized equatorial obscurers around accreting compact objects

0582152 - ASÚ 2024 RIV US eng J - Journal Article
Podgorný, Jakub - Marin, F. - Dovčiak, Michal
X-ray polarization properties of partially ionized equatorial obscurers around accreting compact objects.
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Roč. 526, č. 4 (2023), s. 5929-4951. ISSN 0035-8711. E-ISSN 1365-2966
R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GX21-06825X
Institutional support: RVO:67985815
Keywords : polarization * radiative transfer * scattering
OECD category: Astronomy (including astrophysics,space science)
Impact factor: 4.8, year: 2022
Method of publishing: Open access

We present the expected X-ray polarization signal resulting from distant reprocessing material around black holes. Using a central isotropic power-law emission at the centre of the simulated model, we add distant equatorial and axially symmetric media that are covering the central accreting sources. We include partial ionization and partial transparency effects, and the impact of various polarization and steepness of the primary radiation spectrum. The results are obtained with the Monte Carlo code STOKES that considers both line and continuum processes and computes the effects of scattering and absorption inside static homogenous wedge-shaped and elliptical toroidal structures, varying in relative size, composition and distance to the source. We provide first order estimates for parsec-scale reprocessing in Compton-thin and Compton-thick active galactic nuclei, as well as winds around accreting stellar-mass compact objects, for observer's inclinations above and below the grazing angle. The resulting reprocessed polarization can reach tens of per cent with either parallel or perpendicular orientation with respect to the axis of symmetry, depending on subtle details of the geometry, density, and ionization structure. We also show how principal parameters constrained from X-ray spectroscopy or polarimetry in other wavelengths can lift the shown degeneracies in X-ray polarization. We provide an application example of the broad modelling discussion by revisiting the recent IXPE 2-8 keV X-ray polarimetric observation of the accreting stellar-mass black hole in Cygnus X-3 from the perspective of partial transparency and ionization of the obscuring outflows.

Permanent Link: https://hdl.handle.net/11104/0350226