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The effect of courtyard buildings on the ventilation of street canyons: A wind-tunnel study
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SYSNO ASEP 0550731 Document Type J - Journal Article R&D Document Type Journal Article Subsidiary J Článek ve WOS Title The effect of courtyard buildings on the ventilation of street canyons: A wind-tunnel study Author(s) Nosek, Štěpán (UT-L) RID, ORCID
Kluková, Zuzana (UT-L) ORCID
Jakubcová, Michala (UT-L)
Jaňour, Zbyněk (UT-L) RID, ORCIDArticle number 104885 Source Title Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics. - : Elsevier - ISSN 0167-6105
Roč. 220, January (2022)Number of pages 11 s. Publication form Print - P Language eng - English Country NL - Netherlands Keywords urban air pollution ; street canyon ; courtyards ; roof geometry ; wind tunnel ; coherent structures ; TR-PIV ; OPD Subject RIV DG - Athmosphere Sciences, Meteorology OECD category Meteorology and atmospheric sciences Method of publishing Limited access Institutional support UT-L - RVO:61388998 UT WOS 000781369300001 EID SCOPUS 85122293647 DOI 10.1016/j.jweia.2021.104885 Annotation Using controlled tests in a wind tunnel, we simulated the pollution of four different street canyons formed by four 3D urban array models. The urban models differed by the geometry of roofs (pitched and flat roofs) and buildings (courtyard and solid buildings). We simulated traffic pollution from a ground-level source positioned in the middle of the street canyons. We show that the courtyard buildings significantly improve (by a factor of 1.3) the ventilation of the street canyons only in the cases with pitched roofs. We explain the differences between the ventilation performances of the street canyons by analysing the dynamics of the coherent structures. The buildings at the roof level shed two main vortex structures into the flow. However, the street canyon with pitched roofs and the courtyard buildings shed more stable structures that collide and penetrate deeper downstream near the wind-facing eaves. Near the pedestrian zone, ventilation is driven by advection, manifested as corner vortices at the street ends and flow convergence from the windward to the leeward side in the middle of the street canyons. The corner vortices are more pronounced in the courtyard buildings regardless of roof shape, resulting in higher concentrations than solid buildings. Workplace Institute of Thermomechanics Contact Marie Kajprová, kajprova@it.cas.cz, Tel.: 266 053 154 ; Jana Lahovská, jaja@it.cas.cz, Tel.: 266 053 823 Year of Publishing 2023 Electronic address https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167610521003585
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