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First Measurement of X-rays Generated by Runaway Electrons in Tokamaks Using a TimePix3 Device with 1 mm thick Silicon Sensor
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SYSNO ASEP 0522781 Document Type C - Proceedings Paper (int. conf.) R&D Document Type Conference Paper Title First Measurement of X-rays Generated by Runaway Electrons in Tokamaks Using a TimePix3 Device with 1 mm thick Silicon Sensor Author(s) Linhart, V. (CZ)
Břeň, D. (CZ)
Casolari, Andrea (UFP-V)
Čeřovský, J. (CZ)
Farník, M. (CZ)
Ficker, O. (CZ)
Hetflejs, M. (CZ)
Hron, Martin (UFP-V) RID, ORCID
Jakůbek, J. (CZ)
Kulhánek, P. (CZ)
Macúšová, E. (CZ)
Marcisovsky, M. (CZ)
Mlynář, J. (CZ)
Svihra, P. (CZ)
Svoboda, V. (CZ)
Urban, Jakub (UFP-V) RID
Varju, Jozef (UFP-V) ORCID
Vrba, V. (CZ)Number of authors 18 Article number 8824534 Source Title NSS/MIC 2018 - Proceedings. - New Jersey : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2018 - ISBN 978-153868494-8 Number of pages 9 s. Publication form Online - E Action IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, Event date 10.11.2018 - 17.11.2018 VEvent location Sydney Country AU - Australia Event type WRD Language eng - English Country US - United States Keywords tokamak ; silicon sensor OECD category Fluids and plasma physics (including surface physics) R&D Projects LM2015045 GA MŠMT - Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) Institutional support UFP-V - RVO:61389021 EID SCOPUS 85073102236 DOI 10.1109/NSSMIC.2018.8824534 Annotation An application study of modern pixel semiconductor detectors for characterization of runaway electron events in tokamaks is presented. Characterization techniques utilizing both spectroscopic measurements and monitoring of the intensity of secondary X-rays produced by the runaway electrons were used. Energy spectra of X-rays and time evolutions of their intensity on two tokamaks (Golem and Compass) were measured under different conditions and compared with results of standard runaway diagnostics. The energy spectra measured on both tokamaks have similar exponential shapes but with a significant variation in numbers of events per shot. The time evolutions of the X-ray intensity during several discharges on the tokamak Golem were measured using both the Timepix3 device and scintillation detectors (NaI:Tl and YAP:Ce). On a microsecond time scales, the signal time evolution measured by the TimePix3 device shows patterns in a form of unexpected or periodic-like increases of the intensity. We have also observed significant differences in number of events of the detected X-rays generated by the runaway electrons flying frontward and backward with respect to a limiter of the tokamak Golem. This fact declares that the runaway electrons have relativistic velocities. The experiments on the tokamak Compass provide similar results. Measurements in the immediate vicinity of tokamak Compass were impossible to perform because of a rapid change of the tokamak magnetic field. Measurements performed in the distance of at least 0.5 m from a diagnostic port of the tokamak Compass gave millions of correctly measured events per shot and an unknown number of events affected by pileups. The correctly measured events were used for construction of energy spectra and the time evolutions of the X-ray intensity. Workplace Institute of Plasma Physics Contact Vladimíra Kebza, kebza@ipp.cas.cz, Tel.: 266 052 975 Year of Publishing 2020
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