Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications

0398092 - ÚMCH 2014 RIV US eng M - Monography Chapter
Špírková, Milena - Poreba, Rafal - Brožová, Libuše
The influence of the size, shape and character of nanofillers on functional properties of polyurethane elastomers.
Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2013 - (Wang, X.), s. 259-280. ISBN 978-1-62948-226-2
R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA13-06700S
Institutional support: RVO:61389013
Keywords : nanocomposite * polyurethane * elastomer
Subject RIV: CD - Macromolecular Chemistry
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The chapter is aimed at polyurethane-inorganic nanofiller nanocomposite preparation and characterization. Polyurethane (PU) matrix is formed from aliphatic polycarbonate-based diol (MW ca. 2000; macrodiol, MD), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and butane 1,4-diol (BD; used as the chain extender). One-step procedure for PU and PU nanoomposite preparation was used. Equal ratio of MD-to-BD hydroxyl groups was used in the synthesis. PU and PU nanocomposites contain 81-82 wt. % of soft (polycarbonate-based) segments and 18 wt. % of hard segments (HDI-BD product). Pure PU matrix is distinguished by (i) thermoplastic character, (ii) high degree of the phase separation of soft and hard segments; (iii) low crystallinity (< 10%) and (iv) very good mechanical and thermomechanical properties, resulting from tensile tests and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. Silica nanoparticles differing in size (7 to 40 nm) were used as the nanofiller in the concentration 1 wt. % in the PU nanocomposite. The influence of the size and character of the silica nanoparticles on the internal particle arrangement in PU matrix and on functional, e.g., mechanical, surface and barrier properties of PU nanocomposites was discussed, and compared with related nanocomposites containing layered nanoparticles (bentonite), studied previously.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0231734