Auxin molecular field maps define AUX1 selectivity: many auxin herbicides are not substrates

0488687 - ÚEB 2019 RIV GB eng J - Journal Article
Hoyerová, Klára - Hošek, Petr - Quareshy, M. - Li, J. - Klíma, Petr - Kubeš, Martin - Yemm, A. A. - Neve, P. - Tripathi, A. - Bennett, M.J. - Napier, R. M.
Auxin molecular field maps define AUX1 selectivity: many auxin herbicides are not substrates.
New Phytologist. Roč. 217, č. 4 (2018), s. 1625-1639. ISSN 0028-646X. E-ISSN 1469-8137
R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA16-19557S; GA MŠMT LD15137
Grant - others:OPPK(XE) CZ.2.16/3.1.00/21519
Institutional support: RVO:61389030
Keywords : auxin transport * cheminformatics * herbicide * herbicide resistance * molecular field maps * pharmacophore * structure–activity relationship * uptake carrier
OECD category: Cell biology
Impact factor: 7.299, year: 2018

Developmental responses to auxin are regulated by facilitated uptake and efflux, but detailed molecular understanding of the carrier proteins is incomplete. We have used pharmacological tools to explore the chemical space that defines substrate preferences for the auxin uptake carrier AUX1. Total and partial loss-of-function aux1 mutants were assessed against wild-type for dose-dependent resistance to a range of auxins and analogues. We then developed an auxin accumulation assay with associated mathematical modelling to enumerate accurate IC 50 values for a small library of auxin analogues. The structure activity relationship data were analysed using molecular field analyses to create a pharmacophoric atlas of AUX1 substrates. The uptake carrier exhibits a very high level of selectivity towards small substrates including the natural indole-3-acetic acid, and the synthetic auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. No AUX1 activity was observed for herbicides based on benzoic acid (dicamba), pyridinyloxyacetic acid (triclopyr) or the 6-arylpicolinates (halauxifen), and very low affinity was found for picolinic acid-based auxins (picloram) and quinolinecarboxylic acids (quinclorac). The atlas demonstrates why some widely used auxin herbicides are not, or are very poor substrates. We list molecular descriptors for AUX1 substrates and discuss our findings in terms of herbicide resistance management.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0283238