Recent advances and challenges in the heterologous production of microbial nitrilases for biocatalytic applications

0473528 - MBÚ 2018 RIV US eng J - Journal Article
Martínková, Ludmila - Rucká, Lenka - Nešvera, Jan - Pátek, Miroslav
Recent advances and challenges in the heterologous production of microbial nitrilases for biocatalytic applications.
World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. Roč. 33, č. 1 (2017), s. 1-11, č. článku 8. ISSN 0959-3993. E-ISSN 1573-0972
R&D Projects: GA MŠMT(CZ) LD15107
Institutional support: RVO:61388971
Keywords : Aldoxime-nitrile pathway * Biocatalytic applications * Database mining
OECD category: Biochemistry and molecular biology
Impact factor: 2.100, year: 2017

The aim of this study is to review the current state of and highlight the challenges in the production of microbial nitrilases as catalysts for the mild hydrolysis of industrially important nitriles. Together with aldoxime dehydratase, the nitrile-hydrolyzing enzymes (nitrilase, nitrile hydratase) are key enzymes in the aldoxime-nitrile pathway which is widely distributed in bacteria and fungi. The availability of nitrilases has grown significantly over the past decade due to the use of metagenomic and database-mining approaches. Databases contain plenty of putative enzymes of this type, whose overproduction may improve the spectrum and the industrial utility of nitrilases. By exploiting this resource, the number of experimentally verified nitrilases has recently increased to several hundred. We especially focus on the efficient heterologous expression systems that are applicable for the overproduction of wild-type nitrilases and their artificial variants. Biocatalyst forms with industrial potential are also highlighted. The potential industrial applications of nitrilases are classified according to their target products (a-hydroxy acids, a-and beta-amino acids, cyano acids, amides). The emerging uses of nitrilases and their subtypes (cyanide hydratases, cyanide dihydratases) in bioremediation is also summarized. The integration of nitrilases with other enzymes into artificial multienzymatic and chemoenzymatic pathways is considered a promising strategy for future applications.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0270663