Nuclear myosin I regulates cell membrane tension

0467987 - ÚMG 2017 RIV GB eng J - Journal Article
Venit, Tomáš - Kalendová, Alžběta - Petr, Martin - Dzijak, Rastislav - Pastorek, Lukáš - Rohožková, Jana - Malohlava, M. - Hozák, Pavel
Nuclear myosin I regulates cell membrane tension.
Scientific Reports. Roč. 6, AUG 2 (2016), č. článku 30864. ISSN 2045-2322. E-ISSN 2045-2322
R&D Projects: GA MŠMT(CZ) ED1.1.00/02.0109; GA ČR GAP305/11/2232; GA MŠMT(CZ) LO1304
Institutional support: RVO:68378050
Keywords : neuronal growth cone * rna-polymerase-ii * cancer cells * phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate * myo1c * actin * transcription * complex * motor * afm
Subject RIV: EB - Genetics ; Molecular Biology
Impact factor: 4.259, year: 2016

Plasma membrane tension is an important feature that determines the cell shape and influences processes such as cell motility, spreading, endocytosis and exocytosis. Unconventional class 1 myosins are potent regulators of plasma membrane tension because they physically link the plasma membrane with adjacent cytoskeleton. We identified nuclear myosin 1 (NM1) a putative nuclear isoform of myosin 1c (Myo1c) as a new player in the field. Although having specific nuclear functions, NM1 localizes predominantly to the plasma membrane. Deletion of NM1 causes more than a 50% increase in the elasticity of the plasma membrane around the actin cytoskeleton as measured by atomic force microscopy. This higher elasticity of NM1 knock-out cells leads to 25% higher resistance to short-term hypotonic environment and rapid cell swelling. In contrast, overexpression of NM1 in wild type cells leads to an additional 30% reduction of their survival. We have shown that NM1 has a direct functional role in the cytoplasm as a dynamic linker between the cell membrane and the underlying cytoskeleton, regulating the degree of effective plasma membrane tension.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0265914