Juvenile biological traits of Impatiens species are more strongly associated with naturalization in temperate climate than their adult traits

0464010 - BÚ 2017 RIV DE eng J - Journal Article
Čuda, Jan - Skálová, Hana - Janovský, Zdeněk - Pyšek, Petr
Juvenile biological traits of Impatiens species are more strongly associated with naturalization in temperate climate than their adult traits.
Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics. Roč. 20, Jun 2016 (2016), s. 1-10. ISSN 1433-8319. E-ISSN 1433-8319
R&D Projects: GA ČR GB14-36079G
Grant - others:AV ČR(CZ) AP1002
Program: Akademická prémie - Praemium Academiae
Institutional support: RVO:67985939
Keywords : balsam * invasive species * naturalization
Subject RIV: EF - Botanics
Impact factor: 3.123, year: 2016

We found that both species traits and frequency of planting were correlated with naturalization. Species naturalized in many temperate regions of the world had heavier seeds, high seedling growth rate and allocated low proportion of seedling biomass to roots. Importantly, common planting was more strongly correlated with naturalization success than with biological traits. Impatiens species naturalized in Europe exhibited better seed germination in the common garden, and it took a longer time for the seeds to germinate. Species escaped from cultivation but occurring only as casuals in Europe had heavy seeds and invested more resources into shoots than roots, whereas species not escaping from cultivation were characterized by fast seed germination and light seed. In general, traits linked to early stages of the life cycle were more strongly associated with invasion success than those of the adults. Frequently planted species tend to naturalize more easily than those planted scarcely. The successful invaders share traits similar to the one native Impatiens species in Europe and those with traits distinct from it do not invade. Our results indicate that many Impatiens species represent potential invaders should their planting become more widespread; this prediction is supported by the fact that Impatiens species included in the experiment completed their life cycles in an experimental garden in central Europe.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0264852