Identification and Mechanistic Analysis of a Novel Tick-Derived Inhibitor of Thrombin

0451374 - BC 2016 RIV US eng J - Journal Article
Jablonka, W. - Kotsyfakis, Michalis - Mizurini, D.M. - Monteiro, R.Q. - Lukszo, J. - Drake, S.K. - Ribeiro, J.M.C. - Andersen, J. F.
Identification and Mechanistic Analysis of a Novel Tick-Derived Inhibitor of Thrombin.
PLoS ONE. Roč. 10, č. 8 (2015), e0133991. ISSN 1932-6203. E-ISSN 1932-6203
R&D Projects: GA ČR GAP502/12/2409
Institutional support: RVO:60077344
Keywords : Haemaphysalis longicornis * binding inhibitor * crystal structure
Subject RIV: EB - Genetics ; Molecular Biology
Impact factor: 3.057, year: 2015

A group of peptides from the salivary gland of the tick Hyalomma marginatum rufipes, a vector of Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever show weak similarity to the madanins, a group of thrombin-inhibitory peptides from a second tick species, Haemaphysalis longicornis. We have evaluated the anti-serine protease activity of one of these H. marginatum peptides that has been given the name hyalomin-1. Hyalomin-1 was found to be a selective inhibitor of thrombin, blocking coagulation of plasma and inhibiting S2238 hydrolysis in a competitive manner with an inhibition constant (Ki) of 12 nM at an ionic strength of 150 mM. It also blocks the thrombin-mediated activation of coagulation factor XI, thrombin-mediated platelet aggregation, and the activation of coagulation factor V by thrombin. Hyalomin-1 is cleaved at a canonical thrombin cleavage site but the cleaved products do not inhibit coagulation. However, the C-terminal cleavage product showed non-competitive inhibition of S2238 hydrolysis. A peptide combining the N-terminal parts of the molecule with the cleavage region did not interact strongly with thrombin, but a 24-residue fragment containing the cleavage region and the C-terminal fragment inhibited the enzyme in a competitive manner and also inhibited coagulation of plasma. These results suggest that the peptide acts by binding to the active site as well as exosite I or the autolysis loop of thrombin. Injection of 2.5 mg/kg of hyalomin-1 increased arterial occlusion time in a mouse model of thrombosis, suggesting this peptide could be a candidate for clinical use as an antithrombotic.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0252562