Removal of organics in constructed wetlands with horizontal sub-surface flow: A review of the field experience

0342911 - ÚVGZ 2011 RIV NL eng J - Journal Article
Vymazal, Jan - Kröpfelová, L.
Removal of organics in constructed wetlands with horizontal sub-surface flow: A review of the field experience.
Science of the Total Environment. Roč. 407, č. 13 (2009), s. 3911-3922. ISSN 0048-9697. E-ISSN 1879-1026
Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z60870520
Keywords : waste-water-treatment * aquatic plants * loading rate
Subject RIV: DA - Hydrology ; Limnology
Impact factor: 2.905, year: 2009

Constructed wetlands with horizontal sub-surface flow (HF CWs) have successfully been used for treatment various types of wastewater for more than four decades. Most systems have been designed to treat municipal sewage but the use for wastewaters from agriculture, industry and landfill leachate in HF CWs is getting more attention nowadays. The paper summarizes the results from more than 400 HF CWs from 36 countries around the world. The survey revealed that the highest removal efficiencies for BOD5 and COD were achieved in systems treating municipal wastewater while the lowest efficiency was recorded for landfill leachate. The survey also revealed that HF CWs are successfully used for both secondary and tertiary treatment. The highest average inflow concentrations of BOD5 (652 mg l(-1)) and COD (1865 mg l(-1)) were recorded for industrial wastewaters followed by wastewaters from agriculture for BOD5 (464 mg l(-1)) and landfill leachate for COD (933 mg l(-1)).
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0185517