Utilizing constant energy difference between sp-peak and C 1s core level in photoelectron spectra for unambiguous identification and quantification of diamond phase in nanodiamonds

0584934 - FZÚ 2025 RIV CH eng J - Journal Article
Romanyuk, Olexandr - Stehlík, Štěpán - Zemek, Josef - Aubrechtová Dragounová, Kateřina - Kromka, Alexander
Utilizing constant energy difference between sp-peak and C 1s core level in photoelectron spectra for unambiguous identification and quantification of diamond phase in nanodiamonds.
Nanomaterials. Roč. 14, č. 7 (2024), č. článku 590. E-ISSN 2079-4991
R&D Projects: GA MŠMT LM2023051; GA MŠMT(CZ) LUASK22202; GA MŠMT(CZ) EH22_008/0004596
Grant - others:AV ČR(CZ) StrategieAV21/26
Program: StrategieAV
Institutional support: RVO:68378271
Keywords : nanodiamond * XPS * UPS * Raman spectroscopy * graphitization * ArCIB sputtering
OECD category: Condensed matter physics (including formerly solid state physics, supercond.)
Impact factor: 5.3, year: 2022
Method of publishing: Open access

We conducted a comparative analysis of the graphitization process in various types of hydrogenated NDs, considering differences in ND size and quality. The samples underwent annealing in an ultra-high vacuum and sputtering by Ar cluster ion beam (ArCIB). Samples were investigated by in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), in situ ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), and Raman spectroscopy (RS). Our investigation revealed that the graphitization temperature of NDs ranges from 600 °C to 700 °C and depends on the size and crystallinity of the NDs. We revealed a constant energy difference of 271.3 eV between the sp-peak in the valence band spectra (at around 13.7 eV) and the sp3 component in the C 1s core level spectra (at 285.0 eV). The identification of this energy difference helps in calibrating charge shifts and serves the unambiguous identification of the sp3 bond contribution in the C 1s spectra obtained from ND samples.
Permanent Link: https://hdl.handle.net/11104/0352710


Research data: Zenodo