Dense nuclear matter equation of state from heavy-ion collisions

0581780 - ÚJF 2025 RIV NL eng J - Journal Article
Sorensen, A.N. - Agarwal, K. S. - Brown, K. M. - Chajecki, Z. - Karpenko, I. - Kugler, Andrej … Total 135 authors
Dense nuclear matter equation of state from heavy-ion collisions.
Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics. Roč. 134, JAN (2024), č. článku 104080. ISSN 0146-6410. E-ISSN 1873-2224
Institutional support: RVO:61389005
Keywords : heavy-ion collisions * Hadronic transport * nuclear matter * equation of state * symmetry energy
OECD category: Particles and field physics
Impact factor: 9.5, year: 2022
Method of publishing: Limited access
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppnp.2023.104080

The nuclear equation of state (EOS) is at the center of numerous theoretical and experimental efforts in nuclear physics. With advances in microscopic theories for nuclear interactions, the availability of experiments probing nuclear matter under conditions not reached before, endeav-ors to develop sophisticated and reliable transport simulations to interpret these experiments, and the advent of multi-messenger astronomy, the next decade will bring new opportunities for determining the nuclear matter EOS, elucidating its dependence on density, temperature, and isospin asymmetry. Among controlled terrestrial experiments, collisions of heavy nuclei at inter -mediate beam energies (from a few tens of MeV/nucleon to about 25 GeV/nucleon in the fixed-target frame) probe the widest ranges of baryon density and temperature, enabling studies of nuclear matter from a few tenths to about 5 times the nuclear saturation density and for temper-atures from a few to well above a hundred MeV, respectively. Collisions of neutron-rich isotopes further bring the opportunity to probe effects due to the isospin asymmetry. However, capitaliz-ing on the enormous scientific effort aimed at uncovering the dense nuclear matter EOS, both at RHIC and at FRIB as well as at other international facilities, depends on the continued develop-ment of state-of-the-art hadronic transport simulations. This white paper highlights the essential role that heavy-ion collision experiments and hadronic transport simulations play in understand -ing strong interactions in dense nuclear matter, with an emphasis on how these efforts can be used together with microscopic approaches and neutron star studies to uncover the nuclear EOS.
Permanent Link: https://hdl.handle.net/11104/0349915