The gut-pancreas axis in type 1 diabetes a focus on environmental factors

0575463 - MBÚ 2024 RIV CH eng J - Journal Article
Floyel, T. - Funda, David P. - Dodero, V. I. - Haupt-Jorgensen, M.
The gut-pancreas axis in type 1 diabetes a focus on environmental factors.
Frontiers in Endocrinology. Roč. 14 (2023), č. článku 1270297. ISSN 1664-2392. E-ISSN 1664-2392
Institutional support: RVO:61388971
Keywords : type 1 diabetes * environmental factors * gluten-free diet * enterovirus * gut-pancreas axis * NOD mouse * beta-cell stress * intestinal permeability
OECD category: Immunology
Impact factor: 5.2, year: 2022
Method of publishing: Open access
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2023.1270297/full

The global type 1 diabetes (T1D) incidence is rising too fast to be explained by genetic drift, thereby underlining the importance of environmental factors. Drawing further attention to environmental factors as being responsible for the rising T1D incidence is the reduced occurrence of high-risk haplotypes within the HLA genes in individuals developing T1D compared to previously (1). Several environmental factors have been associated with T1D, primarily from work on the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model, and some of these factors, e.g. gluten (2) and enterovirus (3), have led to human intervention trials. Many of the proposed food and microbial environmental factors can
travel to the pancreatic islets from the intestinal lumen after crossing the intestinal barrier (4). In the pancreatic islets they are hypothesized to contribute to autoimmunity, e.g. via induction of beta-cell stress. Thus, the intestinal barrier function is likely of key importance. Noteworthy, intestinal permeability is increased both in pre- and clinical T1D (5), likely permitting luminal environmental factors easier entry. The present Research Topic gives an update on the involvement of environmental factors and the gut-pancreas axis in T1D.
Permanent Link: https://hdl.handle.net/11104/0352005