Growth, physiology, and stomatal parameters of plant polyploids grown under ice age, present-day, and future CO2 concentrations

0573108 - ÚVGZ 2024 RIV GB eng J - Journal Article
Šmarda, P. - Klem, Karel - Knápek, O. - Veselá, Barbora - Veselá, K. - Holub, Petr - Kuchař, V. - Šilerová, A. - Horová, L. - Bureš, P.
Growth, physiology, and stomatal parameters of plant polyploids grown under ice age, present-day, and future CO2 concentrations.
New Phytologist. Roč. 239, č. 1 (2023), s. 399-414. ISSN 0028-646X. E-ISSN 1469-8137
Research Infrastructure: CzeCOS IV - 90248
Institutional support: RVO:86652079
Keywords : atmospheric carbon dioxide * cell size * climate change * genome size * glacial periods * photosynthesis * polyploidy * stomatal conductance
OECD category: Plant sciences, botany
Impact factor: 9.4, year: 2022
Method of publishing: Open access
https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.18955

center dot Polyploidy plays an important role in plant evolution, but knowledge of its ecophysiological consequences, such as of the putatively enlarged stomata of polyploid plants, remains limited. Enlarged stomata should disadvantage polyploids at low CO2 concentrations (namely during the Quaternary glacial periods) because larger stomata are viewed as less effective at CO2 uptake. center dot We observed the growth, physiology, and epidermal cell features of 15 diploids and their polyploid relatives cultivated under glacial, present-day, and potential future atmospheric CO2 concentrations (200, 400, and 800 ppm respectively). center dot We demonstrated some well-known polyploidy effects, such as faster growth and larger leaves, seeds, stomata, and other epidermal cells. The stomata of polyploids, however, tended to be more elongated than those of diploids, and contrary to common belief, they had no negative effect on the CO2 uptake capacity of polyploids. Moreover, polyploids grew comparatively better than diploids even at low, glacial CO2 concentrations. Higher polyploids with large genomes also showed increased operational stomatal conductance and consequently, a lower water-use efficiency. center dot Our results point to a possible decrease in growth superiority of polyploids over diploids in a current and future high CO2 climactic scenarios, as well as the possible water and/or nutrient dependency of higher polyploids.
Permanent Link: https://hdl.handle.net/11104/0343852