Chromosome size matters: genome evolution in the cyperid clade

0570299 - BÚ 2023 RIV GB eng J - Journal Article
Elliott, T. L. - Zedek, F. - Barrett, L. R. - Bruhl, J. J. - Escudero, M. - Hroudová, Zdenka - Joly, S. - Larridon, I. - Luceno, M. - Márquez-Corro, J. I. - Martín-Bravo, S. - Muasya, A. M. - Šmarda, P. - Thomas, W. W. - Wilson, K. L. - Bureš, P.
Chromosome size matters: genome evolution in the cyperid clade.
Annals of Botany. Roč. 130, č. 7 (2022), s. 999-1013. ISSN 0305-7364. E-ISSN 1095-8290
Institutional support: RVO:67985939
Keywords : nuclear DNA content * chromosome number * chromosome size * genome size * Cyperaceae * distribution range size * holocentric chromosomes * holokonetic drive * Juncaceae * Thurniaceae
OECD category: Plant sciences, botany
Impact factor: 4.2, year: 2022
Method of publishing: Limited access
https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcac136

While variation in genome size and chromosome numbers and their consequences are often investigated in plants, the biological relevance of variation in chromosome size remains poorly known. Here, we examine genome and mean chromosome size in the cyperid clade (families Cyperaceae, Juncaceae and Thurniaceae), which is the largest vascular plant lineage with predominantly holocentric chromosomes. We measured genome size in 436 species of cyperids using flow cytometry, and augment these data with previously published datasets. We then separately compared genome and mean chromosome sizes (2C/2n) amongst the major lineages of cyperids and analysed how these two genomic traits are associated with various environmental factors using phylogenetically informed methods. We show that cyperids have the smallest mean chromosome sizes recorded in seed plants, with a large divergence between the smallest and largest values. We found that cyperid species with smaller chromosomes have larger geographical distributions and that there is a strong inverse association between mean chromosome size and number across this lineage. The distinct patterns in genome size and mean chromosome size across the cyperids might be explained by holokinetic drive. The numerous small chromosomes might function to increase genetic diversity in this lineage where crossovers are limited during meiosis.
Permanent Link: https://hdl.handle.net/11104/0341588