Trade-offs Between Improvement of Thermal Comfort and Air Quality in Urban Environment Indicated by LES Model PALM Simulations in Prague Case Study

0568773 - ÚI 2024 RIV US eng A - Abstract
Belda, M. - Resler, Jaroslav - Krč, Pavel - Geletič, Jan - Maronga, B. - Sühring, M. - Kurppa, M. - Kanani-Sühring, F. - Fuka, V. - Eben, Kryštof - Benešová, N.
Trade-offs Between Improvement of Thermal Comfort and Air Quality in Urban Environment Indicated by LES Model PALM Simulations in Prague Case Study.
AMS 2023: 103rd Annual Meeting Program Book. Denver: AMS, 2023.
[AMS 2023: American Meteorological Society Annual Meeting /103./. 08.01.2023-12.01.2023, Denver / Online]
R&D Projects: GA TA ČR(CZ) TO01000219
Institutional support: RVO:67985807
Keywords : PALM * adaptation measures * sensitivity * modeling * urban planning
OECD category: Meteorology and atmospheric sciences

ZÁKLADNÍ ÚDAJE: AMS 2023: 103rd Annual Meeting Program Book. Denver: AMS, 2023. KONFERENCE: AMS 2023: American Meteorological Society Annual Meeting /103./. 08.01.2023-12.01.2023, Denver / Online. ABSTRAKT: Thermal comfort of city dwellers is at the forefront of the urban studies especially in connection with climate change. Many studies analyze the impact of urbanistic measures to counter the phenomenon known as Urban Heat Island (UHI) with one of the most popular being urban greenery. However, impact of these measures on air quality is not always considered. In this study an LES-based modeling system PALM 6.0 featuring an improved urban surface model (USM) was used to analyze micro-climate sensitivity with respect to potential UHI mitigation measures in a densely built-up residential area in Prague, Czech Republic, particularly in the vicinity of a typical crossroads. The use of an integrated modeling system allowed the analysis of the effects both on biothermal indicators and air quality. Two types of scenario simulations were designed. First, a set of synthetic scenarios changing surface and material parameters such as albedo or emissivity, by which the sensitivity of the model itself to potentially erroneous input data was tested. These showed the highest sensitivity to correct setting of surface parameters used in radiation balance equations. Second, a set of urbanistic scenarios was designed to assess the limits of effects of commonly considered UHI mitigation measures such as greening of the streets or altering surface materials. In this case, urban greenery is confirmed to be the most effective measure, especially when considering both physical and biophysical temperature indicators. On the other hand, analysis of air quality, specifically with respect to PM2.5 dispersion, showed opposite behavior to that of thermal indicators, i.e. improved thermal comfort brings deterioration of PM2.5 concentrations due to decreased ventilation of the street canyon and decreased vertical turbulent transport.
Permanent Link: https://hdl.handle.net/11104/0340033