The Role of miR-155 in Antitumor Immunity

0564311 - MBÚ 2023 RIV CH eng J - Journal Article
Kalkusová, K. - Táborská, P. - Stakheev, Dmitry - Smrž, Daniel
The Role of miR-155 in Antitumor Immunity.
Cancers (Basel). Roč. 14, č. 21 (2022), č. článku 5414. E-ISSN 2072-6694
Institutional support: RVO:61388971
Keywords : microRNA * immunity * tumors * cancer * immunotherapy * miR-155
OECD category: Immunology
Impact factor: 5.2, year: 2022
Method of publishing: Open access
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/21/5414

Simple Summary MiR-155 appears to be a significant regulator of immune responses against tumors. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of miR-155 function in distinct immune cell populations and describe how the miR-155-mediated regulation can impact the process of cancer immunoediting. Since miR-155 does not necessarily act only within a single cell, we also touch on the role of miR-155 in cellular communication. Finally, we discuss current developments in the specific targeting of this molecule in the tumor and immune cells and suggest its potential implications in developing novel therapeutic algorithms to increase the efficacy of cancer therapy. MicroRNAs belong to a group of short non-coding RNA molecules that are involved in the regulation of gene expression at multiple levels. Their function was described two decades ago, and, since then, microRNAs have become a rapidly developing field of research. Their participation in the regulation of cellular processes, such as proliferation, apoptosis, cell growth, and migration, made microRNAs attractive for cancer research. Moreover, as a single microRNA can simultaneously target multiple molecules, microRNAs offer a unique advantage in regulating multiple cellular processes in different cell types. Many of these cell types are tumor cells and the cells of the immune system. One of the most studied microRNAs in the context of cancer and the immune system is miR-155. MiR-155 plays a role in modulating innate and adaptive immune mechanisms in distinct immune cell types. As such, miR-155 can be part of the communication between the tumor and immune cells and thus impact the process of tumor immunoediting. Several studies have already revealed its effect on antitumor immune responses, and the targeting of this molecule is increasingly implemented in cancer immunotherapy.
Permanent Link: https://hdl.handle.net/11104/0336556