Considering light-matter interactions in Friedmann equations based on the conformal FLRW metric

0562038 - GFÚ 2024 RIV EG eng J - Journal Article
Vavryčuk, Václav
Considering light-matter interactions in Friedmann equations based on the conformal FLRW metric.
Journal of Advanced Research. Roč. 46, April (2023), s. 49-59. ISSN 2090-1232. E-ISSN 2090-1224
Institutional support: RVO:67985530
Keywords : cosmic dust * cosmic opacity * conformal metric * cyclic cosmology * dark energy * early Universe
OECD category: Astronomy (including astrophysics,space science)
Impact factor: 10.7, year: 2022
Method of publishing: Open access
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2090123222001540

Introduction: Recent observations indicate that the Universe is not transparent but partially opaque due to absorption of light by ambient cosmic dust. This implies that the current cosmological model valid for the transparent universe must be modified for the opaque universe.
Objectives: The paper studies a scenario of the evolution of the Universe when the cosmic opacity steeply rises with redshift, because the volume of the Universe was smaller and the cosmic dust density was higher in the previous epochs. In this case, the light-matter interactions become important, because cosmic opacity produces radiation pressure that counterbalances gravitational forces.
Methods: The radiation pressure due to cosmic opacity is evaluated and incorporated into the Friedmann equations, which describe cosmic dynamics. The equations are based on the conformal FLRW metric and are consistent with observations of the cosmological redshift as well as time dilation. Using astronomical observations of basic cosmological parameters, the solution of the modified Friedmann equations is numerically modelled.
Results: The presented model predicts a cyclic expansion/contraction evolution of the Universe within a limited range of scale factors with no Big Bang. The redshift of the Universe with the minimum volume is about 15-17. The model avoids dark energy and removes several fundamental tensions of the standard cosmological model. In agreement with observations, the modified Friedmann equations predict the existence of very old mature galaxies at high redshifts and they do not limit the age of stars in the Universe. The new model is consistent with theory of cosmic microwave background as thermal radiation of cosmic dust.
Conclusion: The paper demonstrates that considering light-matter interactions in cosmic dynamics is crucial and can lead to new cosmological models essentially different from the currently accepted KCDM model. (c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Cairo University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Permanent Link: https://hdl.handle.net/11104/0334460