Uncovering the critical soil moisture thresholds of plant water stress for European ecosystems

0554375 - ÚVGZ 2023 RIV GB eng J - Journal Article
Fu, Z. - Ciais, P. - Makowski, D. - Bastos, A. - Stoy, Paul C. - Ibrom, A. - Knohl, A. - Migliavacca, M. - Cuntz, M. - Šigut, Ladislav - Peichl, M. - Loustau, D. - El-Madany, T. S. - Buchmann, N. - Gharun, M. - Janssens, I. - Markwitz, C. - Gruenwald, T. - Rebmann, C. - Molder, M. - Varlagin, A. - Mammarella, I. - Kolari, P. - Bernhofer, C. - Heliasz, M. - Vincke, C. - Pitacco, A. - Cremonese, E. - Foltýnová, Lenka - Wigneron, J.
Uncovering the critical soil moisture thresholds of plant water stress for European ecosystems.
Global Change Biology. Roč. 28, č. 6 (2022), s. 2111-2123. ISSN 1354-1013. E-ISSN 1365-2486
Institutional support: RVO:86652079
Keywords : surface-energy-balance * land * carbon * regression * exchange * droughts * fluxes * critical soil moisture threshold * drought * Europe * evaporative fraction * gross primary production * surface energy partitioning * vapor pressure deficit
OECD category: Meteorology and atmospheric sciences
Impact factor: 11.6, year: 2022
Method of publishing: Limited access
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcb.16050

Understanding the critical soil moisture (SM) threshold (theta(crit)) of plant water stress and land surface energy partitioning is a basis to evaluate drought impacts and improve models for predicting future ecosystem condition and climate. Quantifying the theta(crit) across biomes and climates is challenging because observations of surface energy fluxes and SM remain sparse. Here, we used the latest database of eddy covariance measurements to estimate theta(crit) across Europe by evaluating evaporative fraction (EF)-SM relationships and investigating the covariance between vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and gross primary production (GPP) during SM dry-down periods. We found that the theta(crit) and soil matric potential threshold in Europe are 16.5% and0.7 MPa, respectively. Surface energy partitioning characteristics varied among different vegetation types, EF in savannas had the highest sensitivities to SM in water-limited stage, and the lowest in forests. The sign of the covariance between daily VPD and GPP consistently changed from positive to negative during dry-down across all sites when EF shifted from relatively high to low values. This sign of the covariance changed after longer period of SM decline in forests than in grasslands and savannas. Estimated theta(crit) from the VPD-GPP covariance method match well with the EF-SM method, showing this covariance method can be used to detect the theta(crit). We further found that soil texture dominates the spatial variability of theta(crit) while shortwave radiation and VPD are the major drivers in determining the spatial pattern of EF sensitivities. Our results highlight for the first time that the sign change of the covariance between daily VPD and GPP can be used as an indicator of how ecosystems transition from energy to SM limitation. We also characterized the corresponding theta(crit) and its drivers across diverse ecosystems in Europe, an essential variable to improve the representation of water stress in land surface models.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0330913