International optimism: Correlates and consequences of dispositional optimism across 61 countries

0541059 - PSÚ 2022 RIV US eng J - Journal Article
Baranski, E. - Sweeny, K. - Gardiner, G. - Funder, D. C. - Beramendi, M. - Bastian, B. - Neubauer, A. - Cortez, D. - Roth, E. - Torres, A. - Zanini, D.S. - Petkova, K. - Tracy, J. - Amiot, C. - Pelletier-Dumas, M. - González, R. - Rosenbluth, A. - Salgado, S. - Guan, Y. - Yang, Y. - Forero, D.A. - Camargo, A. - Papastefanakis, E. - Kritsotakis, G. - Spyridaki, I. - Hřebíčková, Martina - Graf, Sylvie … Total 133 authors
International optimism: Correlates and consequences of dispositional optimism across 61 countries.
Journal of Personality. Roč. 89, č. 2 (2021), s. 288-304. ISSN 0022-3506. E-ISSN 1467-6494
R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA17-14387S; GA ČR(CZ) GA20-01214S
Institutional support: RVO:68081740
Keywords : cross-cultural * dispositional optimism * well-being
OECD category: Psychology (including human - machine relations)
Impact factor: 5.429, year: 2021
Method of publishing: Limited access
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jopy.12582

Objective The current exploratory study sought to examine dispositional optimism, or the general expectation for positive outcomes, around the world. Method Dispositional optimism and possible correlates were assessed across 61 countries (N = 15,185, mean age = 21.92, 77% female). Mean-level differences in optimism were computed along with their relationships with individual and country-level variables. Results Worldwide, mean optimism levels were above the midpoint of the scale. Perhaps surprisingly, country-level optimism was negatively related to gross domestic product per capita, population density, and democratic norms and positively related to income inequality and perceived corruption. However, country-level optimism was positively related to projected economic improvement. Individual-level optimism was positively related to individual well-being within every country, although this relationship was less strong in countries with challenging economic and social circumstances. Conclusions While individuals around the world are generally optimistic, societal characteristics appear to affect the degree to which their optimism is associated with psychological well-being, sometimes in seemingly anomalous ways.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0319527