Anaerobic peroxisomes in Mastigamoeba balamuthi

0538619 - BC 2021 RIV US eng J - Journal Article
Le, T. - Žárský, V. - Nývltová, E. - Rada, P. - Harant, K. - Vancová, Marie - Vernerová, Z. - Hrdý, I. - Tachezy, J.
Anaerobic peroxisomes in Mastigamoeba balamuthi.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. Roč. 117, č. 4 (2020), s. 2065-2075. ISSN 0027-8424. E-ISSN 1091-6490
R&D Projects: GA MŠMT(CZ) EF16_019/0000759; GA MŠMT(CZ) LM2015062
Institutional support: RVO:60077344
Keywords : pyrimidine biosynthesis * conserved cysteine * protein import * mitochondrial * evolution * reveals * origin * enzymes * dehydrogenases * ubiquitination * peroxisome * Mastigamoeba balamuthi * mitochodria * anaerobiosis
OECD category: Genetics and heredity (medical genetics to be 3)
Impact factor: 11.205, year: 2020
Method of publishing: Open access
https://www.pnas.org/content/117/4/2065

The adaptation of eukaryotic cells to anaerobic conditions is reflected by substantial changes to mitochondrial metabolism and functional reduction. Hydrogenosomes belong among the most modified mitochondrial derivative and generate molecular hydrogen concomitant with ATP synthesis. The reduction of mitochondria is frequently associated with loss of peroxisomes, which compartmentalize pathways that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thus protect against cellular damage. The biogenesis and function of peroxisomes are tightly coupled with mitochondria. These organelles share fission machinery components, oxidative metabolism pathways, ROS scavenging activities, and some metabolites. The loss of peroxisomes in eukaryotes with reduced mitochondria is thus not unexpected. Surprisingly, we identified peroxisomes in the anaerobic, hydrogenosome-bearing protist Mastigamoeba balamuthi. We found a conserved set of peroxin (Pex) proteins that are required for protein import, peroxisomal growth, and division. Key membrane-associated Pexs (MbPex3, MbPex11, and MbPex14) were visualized in numerous vesicles distinct from hydrogenosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and Golgi complex. Proteomic analysis of cellular fractions and prediction of peroxisomal targeting signals (PTS1/PTS2) identified 51 putative peroxisomal matrix proteins. Expression of selected proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae revealed specific targeting to peroxisomes. The matrix proteins identified included components of acyl-CoA and carbohydrate metabolism and pyrimidine and CoA biosynthesis, whereas no components related to either p-oxidation or catalase were present. In conclusion, we identified a subclass of peroxisomes, named “anaerobic” peroxisomes that shift the current paradigm and turn attention to the reductive evolution of peroxisomes in anaerobic organisms.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0316394