Human and mouse essentiality screens as a resource for disease gene discovery

0531012 - ÚMG 2021 RIV GB eng J - Journal Article
Procházka, Jan - Novosadová, Vendula - Sedláček, Radislav … Total 198 authors
Human and mouse essentiality screens as a resource for disease gene discovery.
Nature Communications. Roč. 11, č. 1 (2020), č. článku 655. E-ISSN 2041-1723
R&D Projects: GA MŠMT(CZ) LM2015040
Keywords : R/BIOCONDUCTOR PACKAGE * DATABASE * VARIANTS * UPDATE * GENOME * IMPC
OECD category: Biochemistry and molecular biology
Impact factor: 14.919, year: 2020
Method of publishing: Open access
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-14284-2

The identification of causal variants in sequencing studies remains a considerable challenge that can be partially addressed by new gene-specific knowledge. Here, we integrate measures of how essential a gene is to supporting life, as inferred from viability and phenotyping screens performed on knockout mice by the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium and essentiality screens carried out on human cell lines. We propose a cross-species gene classification across the Full Spectrum of Intolerance to Loss-of-function (FUSIL) and demonstrate that genes in five mutually exclusive FUSIL categories have differing biological properties. Most notably, Mendelian disease genes, particularly those associated with developmental disorders, are highly overrepresented among genes non-essential for cell survival but required for organism development. After screening developmental disorder cases from three independent disease sequencing consortia, we identify potentially pathogenic variants in genes not previously associated with rare diseases. We therefore propose FUSIL as an efficient approach for disease gene discovery.Discovery of causal variants for monogenic disorders has been facilitated by whole exome and genome sequencing, but does not provide a diagnosis for all patients. Here, the authors propose a Full Spectrum of Intolerance to Loss-of-Function (FUSIL) categorization that integrates gene essentiality information to aid disease gene discovery.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0309778