The genotoxicity of organic extracts from particulate truck emissions produced at various engine operating modes using diesel or biodiesel (B100) fuel: A pilot study

0518521 - ÚEM 2020 RIV NL eng J - Journal Article
Novotná, Božena - Sikorová, Jitka - Milcová, Alena - Pechout, M. - Dittrich, L. - Vojtíšek-Lom, M. - Rössner ml., Pavel - Brzicová, Táňa - Topinka, Jan
The genotoxicity of organic extracts from particulate truck emissions produced at various engine operating modes using diesel or biodiesel (B100) fuel: A pilot study.
Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis. Roč. 845, SI (2019), č. článku UNSP 403034. ISSN 1383-5718. E-ISSN 1879-3592
R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA18-04719S; GA MŠMT(CZ) LO1508; GA MŠMT(CZ) LM2015073; GA MŠMT(CZ) EF16_013/0001821
Institutional support: RVO:68378041
Keywords : A549 cells * biodiesel * comet assay
OECD category: Toxicology
Impact factor: 2.506, year: 2019
Method of publishing: Open access
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1383571818303462?via%3Dihub

An analysis of the toxic effects of emissions should reflect real traffic conditions. The exhaust emissions of particulate matter from diesel engines strongly depend on their operating conditions, with low-speed, low-load urban creep conditions, common for truck traffic in heavily congested urban areas, being one of the worst. We aimed to detect the genotoxicity of organic extracts from particulate matter in the exhaust of the diesel engine Zetor 1505 running on diesel and biodiesel (B100) fuels at characteristic modes of extended urban creep, typical for transit truck traffic in Prague, comparing the first 5 min of idling with extended (20-80 min) idling, full load after idle, stabilized full load, and 30% load. The diluted exhaust was sampled with high volume samplers on glass fiber fluorocarbon coated filters. The filters were extracted with dichloromethane and DNA damage was analyzed in A549 cells using comet assay, with the inclusion of formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (FPG) and endonuclease III (ENDOIII) to recognize oxidized DNA bases. The cells were exposed to extractable organic matter (EOM) for 4 and 24 h at non-cytotoxic dose corresponding to 0.001 m(3) of undiluted exhaust gas per ml cell media. At the 4 h exposure interval, all samples from B100 and diesel emissions induced DNA damage. EOM from the extended idle engine mode exerted the strongest genotoxic effect for both fuels. Twenty hours later, the cells exposed to diesel EOM exhibited a further increase of DNA strand breaks compared to the preceding interval. In contrast, DNA damage seemed to be fully repaired in cells treated with EOM derived from biodiesel B100. The preliminary results suggest that (i) diesel emissions are more genotoxic than the emissions from B100, (ii) biodiesel induced DNA lesions are repaired within 24 h.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0303643