Effects of Radiation Therapy on Neural Stem Cells

0509893 - ÚJF 2020 RIV CH eng J - Journal Article
Jelínek Michaelidesová, Anna - Konířová, Jana - Bartůněk, P. - Ziková, M.
Effects of Radiation Therapy on Neural Stem Cells.
Genes. Roč. 10, č. 9 (2019), č. článku 640. E-ISSN 2073-4425
Institutional support: RVO:61389005
Keywords : neural stem cells * brain and nervous system cancers * neurogenic niches * radiotherapy * sparing of neurogenic regions
OECD category: Radiology, nuclear medicine and medical imaging
Impact factor: 3.759, year: 2019
Method of publishing: Open access
https://doi.org/10.3390/genes10090640

Brain and nervous system cancers in children represent the second most common neoplasia after leukemia. Radiotherapy plays a significant role in cancer treatment. However, the use of such therapy is not without devastating side effects. The impact of radiation-induced damage to the brain is multifactorial, but the damage to neural stem cell populations seems to play a key role. The brain contains pools of regenerative neural stem cells that reside in specialized neurogenic niches and can generate new neurons. In this review, we describe the advances in radiotherapy techniques that protect neural stem cell compartments, and subsequently limit and prevent the occurrence and development of side effects. We also summarize the current knowledge about neural stem cells and the molecular mechanisms underlying changes in neural stem cell niches after brain radiotherapy. Strategies used to minimize radiation-related damages, as well as new challenges in the treatment of brain tumors are also discussed.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0300484