Plasticity in the human gut microbiome defies evolutionary constraints

0507240 - ÚBO 2020 RIV US eng J - Journal Article
Gomez, A. - Sharma, A. K. - Mallott, E. K. - Petrželková, Klára Judita - Robinson, C. A. J. - Yeoman, C. J. - Carbonero, F. - Pafčo, Barbora - Rothman, J. M. - Ulanov, A. - Vlčková, Klára - Amato, K. R. - Schnorr, S. L. - Dominy, N. J. - Modrý, D. - Todd, A. - Torralba, M. - Nelson, K. E. - Burns, M. B. - Blekhman, R. - Remis, M. - Stumpf, R. M. - Wilson, B. A. - Gaskins, H. R. - Garber, P. A. - White, B. A. - Leigh, S. R.
Plasticity in the human gut microbiome defies evolutionary constraints.
mSphere. Roč. 4, č. 4 (2019), č. článku e00271-19. ISSN 2379-5042. E-ISSN 2379-5042
R&D Projects: GA MŠMT(CZ) LH15175
Institutional support: RVO:68081766
Keywords : evolution * microbiome * primate
OECD category: Microbiology
Impact factor: 4.282, year: 2019
Method of publishing: Open access
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00271-19

The gut microbiome of primates, including humans, is reported to closely follow host evolutionary history, with gut microbiome composition being specific to the genetic background of its primate host. However, the comparative models used to date have mainly included a limited set of closely related primates. To further understand the forces that shape the primate gut microbiome, with reference to human populations, we expanded the comparative analysis of variation among gut microbiome compositions and their primate hosts, including 9 different primate species and 4 human groups characterized by a diverse set of subsistence patterns (n = 448 samples). The results show that the taxonomic composition of the human gut microbiome, at the genus level, exhibits increased compositional plasticity. Specifically, we show unexpected similarities between African Old World monkeys that rely on eclectic foraging and human populations engaging in nonindustrial subsistence patterns, these similarities transcend host phylogenetic constraints. Thus, instead of following evolutionary trends that would make their microbiomes more similar to that of conspecifics or more phylogenetically similar apes, gut microbiome composition in humans from nonindustrial populations resembles that of generalist cercopithecine monkeys. We also document that wild cercopithecine monkeys with eclectic diets and humans following nonindustrial subsistence patterns harbor high gut microbiome diversity that is not only higher than that seen in humans engaging in industrialized lifestyles but also higher compared to wild primates that typically consume fiber-rich diets.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0298274