The fate of ribosomal RNA genes in spontaneous polyploid dogrose hybrids [Rosa L. sect. Caninae (DC.) Ser.] exhibiting non-symmetrical meiosis

0492381 - BFÚ 2019 RIV GB eng J - Journal Article
Herklotz, V. - Kovařík, Aleš - Lunerová Bedřichová, Jana - Lippitsch, S. - Groth, M. - Ritz, Ch.M.
The fate of ribosomal RNA genes in spontaneous polyploid dogrose hybrids [Rosa L. sect. Caninae (DC.) Ser.] exhibiting non-symmetrical meiosis.
Plant Journal. Roč. 94, č. 1 (2018), s. 77-90. ISSN 0960-7412. E-ISSN 1365-313X
R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GC16-02149J
Institutional support: RVO:68081707
Keywords : flow-cytometric estimation * nuclear-dna content * genus rosa * concerted evolution
OECD category: Plant sciences, botany
Impact factor: 5.726, year: 2018

Dogroses represent an exceptional system for studying the effects of genome doubling and hybridization: their asymmetrical meiosis enables recombination in bi-parentally inherited chromosomes but prevents it in maternally inherited ones. We employed fluorescent insitu hybridization, genome skimming, amplicon sequencing of genomic and cDNA as well as conventional cloning of nuclear ribosomal DNA in two phylogenetically distinct pentaploid (2n=5x=35) species, Rosa canina and Rosainodora, and their naturally occurring reciprocal hybrids, Rosa dumalis (5x) and Rosa agrestis (5x, 6x). Both progenitor species differed in composition, meiotic behaviour and expression of rDNA loci: R.canina (five 18S and 5-8 5S loci) was dominated by the Canina ribotypes, but R.inodora (four 18S loci and 7-8 5S loci) by the Rubiginosa ribotype. The co-localized 5S/18S loci occurred on either bivalent-forming (R.canina) or univalent-forming (R.inodora) chromosomes. Ribosomal DNA loci were additively inherited, however, the Canina ribotypes were dominantly expressed, even in genotypes with relatively low copy number of these genes. Moreover, we observed rDNA homogenization towards the paternally transmitted Canina ribotype in 6x R.agrestis. The here-observed variation in arrangement and composition of rDNA types between R.canina and R.inodora suggests the involvement of different genomes in bivalent formation. This results supports the hypothesis that the asymmetrical meiosis arose at least twice by independent ancient hybridization events.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0285945