Genetically influenced resistance to stress and disease in salmonids in relation to present-day breeding practice - a short review

0489278 - ÚBO 2019 RIV CZ eng J - Journal Article
Mendel, Jan - Jánová, K. - Palíková, M.
Genetically influenced resistance to stress and disease in salmonids in relation to present-day breeding practice - a short review.
Acta veterinaria Brno. Roč. 87, č. 1 (2018), s. 35-45. ISSN 0001-7213. E-ISSN 1801-7576
R&D Projects: GA MZe QJ1510077
Institutional support: RVO:68081766
Keywords : brook trout * disease resistance * genomic selection * marker assisted selection * molecular breeding * quantitative trait loci * rainbow trout
OECD category: Veterinary science
Impact factor: 0.486, year: 2018

While intensive fish production has many advantages, it also has a number of drawbacks as regards disease and stress. To date, there has been no conclusive review of disease resistance at Czech fish farms. The aim of the study was to describe briefly the existing salmonid breeding practice in the Czech Republic and to point out the trends and new possibilities gaining ground around Europe. However, the present situation in the Czech stocks is not rare at all and therefore it is used here as a model example representing numerous breeding practices in Europe. Stress and disease resistance in fish is polygenic and quantitative, making selection for such traits difficult. In recent years, however, fish breeding methods have developed rapidly, with the use of genetic analysis tools, for example, now allowing much greater selection accuracy. Gradual progress in understanding the importance of individual genetic markers offers many new options that can be utilised in breeding practice. New selection methods, such as quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and genomic selection, are increasingly employed in European aquaculture. Next generation sequencing techniques now help in the finding of new and promising QTLs that can be used in as sisted selection. This review maps the current progress in improving salmonid resistance to stress and disease in aquaculture and at the same time provides the breeders with a short overview of the latest tools of genetically controlled breeding and of the newest products available at the European market.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0283722