Polymorphisms in Non-coding RNA Genes and Their Targets Sites as Risk Factors of Sporadic Colorectal Cancer

0469362 - ÚEM 2017 RIV US eng J - Journal Article
Vodička, Pavel - Pardini, Barbara - Vymetálková, Veronika - Naccarati, Alessio
Polymorphisms in Non-coding RNA Genes and Their Targets Sites as Risk Factors of Sporadic Colorectal Cancer.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Roč. 937, č. 2016 (2016), s. 123-149. ISSN 0065-2598. E-ISSN 2214-8019
R&D Projects: GA MZd(CZ) NV15-26535A; GA ČR(CZ) GA15-08239S
Institutional support: RVO:68378041
Keywords : colorectal cancer * polymorphism * risk factors
OECD category: Biochemistry and molecular biology
Impact factor: 1.937, year: 2016

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex disease that develops as a consequence of both genetic and environmental risk factors in interplay with epigenetic mechanisms, such as microRNAs (miRNAs). CRC cases are predominantly sporadic in which the disease develops with no apparent hereditary syndrome. The last decade has seen the progress of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that allowed the discovery of several genetic regions and variants associated with weak effects on sporadic CRC. Collectively these variants may enable a more accurate prediction of an individual's risk to the disease and its prognosis. However, the number of variants contributing to CRC is still not fully explored.SNPs in genes encoding the miRNA sequence or in 3'UTR regions of the corresponding binding sites may affect miRNA transcription, miRNA processing, and/or the fidelity of the miRNA-mRNA interaction. These variants could plausibly impact miRNA expression and target mRNA translation into proteins critical for cellular integrity, differentiation, and proliferation.In the present chapter, we describe the different aspects of variations related to miRNAs and other non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and evidence from studies investigating these candidate genetic alterations in support to their role in CRC development and progression.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0269521