Addressing proteolytic efficiency in enzymatic degradation therapy for celiac disease

0466828 - MBÚ 2017 RIV GB eng J - Journal Article
Rey, M. - Yang, M. - Lee, L. - Zhang, Y. - Sheff, J.G. - Sensen, Ch. W. - Mrázek, Hynek - Halada, Petr - Man, Petr - McCarville, J.L. - Verdu, E. F. - Schriemer, D. C.
Addressing proteolytic efficiency in enzymatic degradation therapy for celiac disease.
Scientific Reports. Roč. 6, AUG 2 (2016), s. 30980. ISSN 2045-2322. E-ISSN 2045-2322
R&D Projects: GA MŠMT(CZ) LO1509; GA MŠMT(CZ) ED1.1.00/02.0109
Institutional support: RVO:61388971
Keywords : EXCHANGE MASS-SPECTROMETRY * ASPARTIC PROTEASE NEPENTHESIN-1 * GLUTEN-FREE DIET
Subject RIV: EE - Microbiology, Virology
Impact factor: 4.259, year: 2016

Celiac disease is triggered by partially digested gluten proteins. Enzyme therapies that complete protein digestion in vivo could support a gluten-free diet, but the barrier to completeness is high. Current options require enzyme amounts on the same order as the protein meal itself. In this study, we evaluated proteolytic components of the carnivorous pitcher plant (Nepenthes spp.) for use in this context. Remarkably low doses enhance gliadin solubilization rates, and degrade gliadin slurries within the pH and temporal constraints of human gastric digestion. Potencies in excess of 1200: 1 (substrate-to-enzyme) are achieved. Digestion generates small peptides through nepenthesin and neprosin, the latter a novel enzyme defining a previously-unknown class of prolyl endoprotease. The digests also exhibit reduced TG2 conversion rates in the immunogenic regions of gliadin, providing a twin mechanism for evading T-cell recognition. When sensitized and dosed with enzyme-treated gliadin, NOD/DQ8 mice did not show intestinal inflammation, when compared to mice challenged with only pepsin-treated gliadin. The low enzyme load needed for effective digestion suggests that gluten detoxification can be achieved in a meal setting, using metered dosing based on meal size. We demonstrate this by showing efficient antigen processing at total substrate-to-enzyme ratios exceeding 12,000:1.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0265364