Traditional Banana Diversity in Oceania: An Endangered Heritage

0460032 - ÚEB 2017 RIV US eng J - Journal Article
Kagy, V. - Wong, M. - Vandenbroucke, M. - Jenny, Ch. - Dubois, C. - Ollivier, A. - Cardi, C. - Mournet, P. - Tuia, V. - Roux, N. - Doležel, Jaroslav - Perrier, X.
Traditional Banana Diversity in Oceania: An Endangered Heritage.
PLoS ONE. Roč. 11, č. 3 (2016), e0151208. ISSN 1932-6203. E-ISSN 1932-6203
R&D Projects: GA MŠMT(CZ) LO1204
Institutional support: RVO:61389030
Keywords : MUSA * MARKERS * AGRICULTURE
Subject RIV: EB - Genetics ; Molecular Biology
Impact factor: 2.806, year: 2016

This study aims to understand the genetic diversity of traditional Oceanian starchy bananas in order to propose an efficient conservation strategy for these endangered varieties. SSR and DArT molecular markers are used to characterize a large sample of Pacific accessions, from New Guinea to Tahiti and Hawaii. All Pacific starchy bananas are shown of New Guinea origin, by interspecific hybridization between Musa acuminata (AA genome), more precisely its local subspeciesM. acuminata ssp. banksii, and M. balbisiana (BB genome) generating triploid AAB Pacific starchy bananas. These AAB genotypes do not form a subgroup sensu stricto and genetic markers differentiate two subgroups across the three morphotypes usually identified: Iholena versus Popoulu and Maoli. The Popoulu/Maoli accessions, even if morphologically diverse throughout the Pacific, cluster in the same genetic subgroup. However, the subgroup is not strictly monophyletic and several close, but different genotypes are linked to the dominant genotype. One of the related genotypes is specific to New Caledonia (NC), with morphotypes close to Maoli, but with some primitive characters. It is concluded that the diffusion of Pacific starchy AAB bananas results from a series of introductions of triploids originating in New Guinea area from several sexual recombination events implying different genotypes of M. acuminata ssp. banksii. This scheme of multiple waves from the New Guinea zone is consistent with the archaeological data for peopling of the Pacific. The present geographic distribution suggests that a greater diversity must have existed in the past. Symmetrically, diversity hot spots appear linked to the local persistence of traditions: Maoli in New Caledonian Kanak traditions or Iholena in a few Polynesian islands. These results will contribute to optimizing the conservation strategy for the ex-situ Pacific Banana Collection supported collectively by the Pacific countries.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0260173