Extracellular Adenosine Mediates a Systemic Metabolic Switch during Immune Response

0447667 - BC 2016 RIV US eng J - Journal Article
Bajgar, A. - Kučerová, K. - Jonatová, L. - Tomčala, Aleš - Schneedorferová, Ivana - Okrouhlík, J. - Doležal, T.
Extracellular Adenosine Mediates a Systemic Metabolic Switch during Immune Response.
PLOS Biology. Roč. 13, č. 4 (2015), e1002135. ISSN 1544-9173. E-ISSN 1545-7885
Institutional support: RVO:60077344
Keywords : chronic inflammatory diseases * tumor necrosis factor * functional characterization
Subject RIV: EB - Genetics ; Molecular Biology
Impact factor: 8.668, year: 2015

Immune defense is energetically costly, and thus an effective response requires metabolic adaptation of the organism to reallocate energy from storage, growth, and development towards the immune system. We employ the natural infection of Drosophila with a parasitoid wasp to study energy regulation during immune response. To combat the invasion, the host must produce specialized immune cells (lamellocytes) that destroy the parasitoid egg. We show that a significant portion of nutrients are allocated to differentiating lamellocytes when they would otherwise be used for development. This systemic metabolic switch is mediated by extracellular adenosine released from immune cells. The switch is crucial for an effective immune response. Preventing adenosine transport from immune cells or blocking adenosine receptor precludes the metabolic switch and the deceleration of development, dramatically reducing host resistance. Adenosine thus serves as a signal that the "selfish" immune cells send during infection to secure more energy at the expense of other tissues.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0249443