Evolution of karyotype, sex chromosomes, and meiosis in mygalomorph spiders (Araneae: Mygalomorphae)

0393874 - BC 2014 RIV GB eng J - Journal Article
Král, J. - Kořínková, T. - Krkavcová, L. - Musilová, J. - Forman, M. - Ávila Herrera, I. M. - Haddad, C. R. - Vítková, Magda - Henriques, S. - Palacios Vargas, J. G. - Hedin, M.
Evolution of karyotype, sex chromosomes, and meiosis in mygalomorph spiders (Araneae: Mygalomorphae).
Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. Roč. 109, č. 2 (2013), s. 377-408. ISSN 0024-4066. E-ISSN 1095-8312
Grant - others:AV ČR(CZ) IAA601110808; GA ČR(CZ) GA206/08/0813; Univerzita Karlova v Praze(CZ) SVV-2013-267205; Univerzita Karlova v Praze(CZ) SVV-2012-265202
Institutional support: RVO:60077344
Keywords : achiasmatic * chromosome pairing * deactivation
Subject RIV: EB - Genetics ; Molecular Biology
Impact factor: 2.535, year: 2013
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bij.12056/pdf

Spiders divide into three clades: Mesothelae, Mygalomorphae, and Araneomorphae. Although over 700 species of 64 families have already been investigated, most of these species belong to the advanced clade Araneomorphae, while cytogenetics of mygalomorphs remains largerly unknown. Here, we investigated karyotype diversity, sex chromosomes and meiosis in 31 representatives belonging in 13 families of Mygalomorphae. Their chromosome number ranges from 2n = 14 to 2n =128 which is the highest number found in spiders so far. The ancenstral sex chromosome system of spiders, X1X20, is uncommon in mygalomorps. Instead, they often show multiple X chromosomes, in males reaching up to 13 X chromosomes (Macrothele gigas), the highest sex chromosome number ever found. On the other hand, the XY system is rather rare and occurs in some representatives of Avicularioidea. Sex chromosomes also vary in their size and centromeric positions and they originated via the chromosome duplications, fissions, X–X, and X-autosome fusions. Additionally, spiders possess a homomorphic sex chromosome pair which is often inactivated in male meiosis.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0222508