Photosynthetica 2023, 61(1):58-72 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2023.007

Protection of nitrogenase from photosynthetic O2 evolution in Trichodesmium: methodological pitfalls and advances over 30 years of research

A. HANIA1, 2, R. LÓPEZ-ADAMS1, O. PRÁŠIL1, 2, M. EICHNER1
1 Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237 - Opatovický Mlýn, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
2 Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic

The Trichodesmium genus comprises some of the most abundant N2-fixing organisms in oligotrophic marine ecosystems. Since nitrogenase, the key enzyme for N2 fixation, is irreversibly inhibited upon O2 exposure, these organisms have to coordinate their N2-fixing ability with simultaneous photosynthetic O2 production. Although being the principal object of many laboratory and field studies, the overall process of how Trichodesmium reconciles these two mutually exclusive processes remains unresolved. This is in part due to contradictory results that fuel the Trichodesmium enigma. In this review, we sift through methodological details that could potentially explain the discrepancy between findings related to Trichodesmium's physiology. In doing so, we exhaustively contrast studies concerning both spatial and temporal nitrogenase protective strategies, with particular attention to more recent insights. Finally, we suggest new experimental approaches for solving the complex orchestration of N2 fixation and photosynthesis in Trichodesmium.

Additional key words: cyanobacteria; diazocyte; immunolabelling; method comparison; microscopy; O2-scavenging mechanisms.

Received: December 2, 2022; Revised: January 26, 2023; Accepted: March 6, 2023; Prepublished online: March 13, 2023; Published: April 13, 2023  Show citation

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HANIA, A., LÓPEZ-ADAMS, R., PRÁŠIL, O., & EICHNER, M. (2023). Protection of nitrogenase from photosynthetic O2 evolution in Trichodesmium: methodological pitfalls and advances over 30 years of research. Photosynthetica, 61(1), 58-72. doi: 10.32615/ps.2023.007
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