Composting Practices for the Remediation of Matrices Contaminated by Recalcitrant Organic Pollutants

Lhotský, Ondřej; Covino, Stefano; Cajthaml, Tomáš

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29840-1_23

Composting Practices for the Remediation of Matrices Contaminated by Recalcitrant Organic Pollutants

Ondřej Lhotský^10,11,
Stefano Covino^11,12 &
Tomáš Cajthaml^13,11

Chapter
First Online: 18 January 2020

903 Accesses
4 Citations

Part of the book series: Applied Environmental Science and Engineering for a Sustainable Future ((AESE))

Abstract

Composting has been known since ancient times. Nowadays this process is widely used for stabilization of biodegradable wastes and preparation of organic fertilizers. Due to low substrate selectivity and high biodiversity, the compost-inhabiting microbial consortia are capable of breaking down organic matter of different nature including those artificial chemical compounds that are persistent in the natural environment. Therefore, composting practices can be utilized for ex situ remediation of different matrices contaminated with recalcitrant organic pollutants. Composting and compost addition are a sustainable and effective bioremediation option, especially for the treatment of soil contaminated with mixtures of hydrocarbons (fuels, lubricating oils, creosote, etc.), explosives, phenols, some pesticides, and emerging pollutants. In order to understand the bioremediation technology based on composting processes, it is necessary to introduce the general principles of composting organic wastes. Therefore, this chapter consists of two parts. The first part concerns the general principles of composting organic wastes including information on the composting process, stages of composting, factors affecting the composting process, and composting systems. The second part focuses on the actual bioremediation of contaminated solid wastes. Factors and mechanisms affecting the co-composting process are discussed, and a review of the co-composting applications for different contaminant groups is also provided.

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Authors and Affiliations

DEKONTA a.s., Prague , Czech Republic
Ondřej Lhotský
Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
Ondřej Lhotský, Stefano Covino & Tomáš Cajthaml
Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
Stefano Covino
Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
Tomáš Cajthaml

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Ondřej Lhotský
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Stefano Covino
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Tomáš Cajthaml
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Correspondence to Ondřej Lhotský .

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Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
Jan Filip
Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
Tomáš Cajthaml
Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
Petra Najmanová
Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
Miroslav Černík
Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
Radek Zbořil

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Lhotský, O., Covino, S., Cajthaml, T. (2020). Composting Practices for the Remediation of Matrices Contaminated by Recalcitrant Organic Pollutants. In: Filip, J., Cajthaml, T., Najmanová, P., Černík, M., Zbořil, R. (eds) Advanced Nano-Bio Technologies for Water and Soil Treatment. Applied Environmental Science and Engineering for a Sustainable Future. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29840-1_23

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29840-1_23
Published: 18 January 2020
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-29839-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-29840-1
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