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Belemnites and calcareous nannoplankton: Proxy tools for recognising of cryptic Jurassic geological history of Central Europe

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Abstract

Belemnites and calcareous nannoplankton (which are both stratigraphically and palaeoecologically important groups of organisms) have been used as crucial evidence for exploring an extended timespan of Jurassic sedimentation in the northern part of the Bohemian Massif. Tectonically and fragmentarily preserved Jurassic strata along the Lausitian Fault have long been considered exclusively as belonging to the Callovian through the Kimmeridgian. Based on a systematic revision of older collections, new sediment sampling and analysing data, the stratigraphic range of Jurassic sedimentation in the northern part of the Bohemian Massif has been extended, at least from the Bajocian until the Tithonian. Belemnite taxa are represented by six species and two taxa identified as Megateuthis cf. M. elliptica and Cylindroteuthis cf. C. puzosiana (five genera belonging to four families) document a stratigraphic range from the Bajocian (Megateuthis suevica and Megateuthis cf. M. elliptica) through the Kimmeridgian. Additionally, calcareous nannofossils do not contradict the Bajocian–Kimmeridgian while also proving the Tithonian age. Moreover, belemnites clearly show the prevailing Tethyan (Belemnopsis fauna) but also Boreal (Cylindroteuthis cf. C. puzosiana) provenance. Recorded fossils reveal a longer time span of sedimentation than previously known (starting at least in the Bajocian and terminating in the Tithonian), suggesting the existence of a significantly larger sedimentary basins that had been eroded prior to the Cenomanian transgression event (Upper Cretaceous).

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Dr. Jakub Trubač, Dr. Lenka Vondrovicová and Dr. Aneta Kuchařová (Charles University, Prague) for help with geochemical analyses , Dr. Petr Ježdík (Czech Technical University) for micro-CT investigation and Dr. Zuzana Vařilová (Municipal Museum of Ústí nad Labem), Dr. Jan Sklenář (National Museum, Prague), Dr. Olaf Tietz (Senckenberg Research Institute, Görlitz) and Dr. Birgit Gaitzsch (Technische Universität, Freiberg) for providing belemnite material and informations about localities. Aleš Novák and Martin Souček are greatly acknowledged for help in the fieldwork. Last but not least, we would warmly thank revisors Dr. Oksana S. Dzyuba (Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences) and Dr. Markus Wilmsen (Senckenberg Naturhistorische Sammlungen Dresden) for constructive revisions of our manuscript. We would kindly thank Peter Königshof and Sinje Weber for their thorough editorial work.

CRediT authorship

Conceptualisation: Jan Geist; Methodology: Jan Geist, Katarína Holcová, Martin Košťák, Lucie Vaňková; Formal analysis and investigation: Jan Geist, Katarína Holcová, Lucie Vaňková, Martin Košťák; Writing – original draft preparation: Jan Geist, Katarína Holcová, Martin Košťák, Lucie Vaňková; Writing – review and editing: Jan Geist, Lucie Vaňková; Visualization: Jan Geist, Katarína Holcová, Martin Mazuch; Supervision: Martin Košťák, Lucie Vaňková.

Data Availability Statements

All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article (and its supplementary information files).

Funding

The research was financially supported by the Czech Science Foundation (GAČR project No. 20-10035S), Charles University institutional funding provided by Center for Geosphere Dynamics (UNCE/SCI/006), Charles University student project (GAUK No. 20121), START project (No. START/SCI/108) and PROGRES (Q45). The study fits in the concept of the research plan of the Institute of Geology of the Czech Academy of Science (No. RVO 67985831).

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  1. Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic

    Jan Geist, Katarína Holcová, Lucie Vaňková, Martin Mazuch & Martin Košťák

  2. Institute of Geology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 269, 165 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic

    Lucie Vaňková

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  1. Jan Geist
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Correspondence to Jan Geist.

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Geist, J., Holcová, K., Vaňková, L. et al. Belemnites and calcareous nannoplankton: Proxy tools for recognising of cryptic Jurassic geological history of Central Europe. Palaeobio Palaeoenv 103, 303–325 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-022-00538-y

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