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Trematodes from Antarctic teleost fishes off Argentine Islands, West Antarctica: molecular and morphological data

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Abstract

In 2014–2015 and 2019–2021, teleost fishes off Galindez Island (Antarctic Peninsula) were examined for trematodes. Combined morphological and molecular analyses revealed the presence of eight trematode species of four families (Hemiuridae, Lecithasteridae, Opecoelidae, Lepidapedidae) from five fish species. Only adult trematodes were found and all of them are Antarctic endemics with their congeners occurring on other continents. The hemiuroids, Elytrophalloides oatesi (Leiper & Atkinson, 1914), Genolinea bowersi (Leiper & Atkinson, 1914), and Lecithaster macrocotyle Szidat & Graefe, 1967 belong to the most common Antarctic species and together with Lepidapedon garrardi (Leiper & Atkinson, 1914) and Neolebouria georgiensis Gibson, 1976 they were recorded as the least host-specific parasites. The originally sub-Antarctic Neolepidapedon macquariensis Zdzitowiecki, 1993 is a new record for the Antarctic Peninsula and Parachaenichthys charcoti (Vaillant), is a new host record. Neolebouria terranovaensis Zdzitowiecki, Pisano & Vacchi, 1993 is considered a synonym of N. georgiensis because of identical morphology and dimensions. The currently known phylogenetic relationships within the studied families are supported, including the polyphyly of Macvicaria Gibson & Bray, 1982 with the future need to accommodate its Antarctic species in a new genus. The validity of M. georgiana (Kovaleva & Gaevskaja, 1974) and M. magellanica Laskowski, Jezewski & Zdzitowiecki, 2013 needs to be confirmed by further analyses. Genetic sequence data are still scarce from Antarctica, and more studies applying integrative taxonomic approaches and large-scale parasitological examinations of benthic invertebrates are needed to match sequences of larval stages to those of well-characterised adults and to elucidate trematode life-cycles.

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Data availability

Selected DNA sequences of studied specimens are deposited in GenBank and all specimens (hologenophores, vouchers) are deposited in publicly accessible permanent collections, the Helminthological Collection of the Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, CAS, České Budějovice Czech Republic, and in the Collection of I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Blanka Škoríková (Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre) for help with scans of drawings.

Funding

This study was partially supported by the National Research Foundation of Ukraine (Project Number 2020.02/0074), the National Antarctic Scientific Center, Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (Projects H/03-2021) and the Joint Research Project between the National Academy of Science of Ukraine and the Czech Academy of Sciences 2020–2022 (NASU-20-05).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic

    Anna Faltýnková & Olena Kudlai

  2. Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic

    Anna Faltýnková

  3. Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos 2, 08412, Vilnius, Lithuania

    Olena Kudlai

  4. State Institution National Antarctic Scientific Center, Taras Shevchenko Blvd 16, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine

    Oleksander O. Salganskiy

  5. National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heroiv Oborony Street 15, Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine

    Oleksander O. Salganskiy

  6. National Museum of Natural History NAS of Ukraine, Bogdan Khmelnytsky Street 15, Kyiv, 01030, Ukraine

    Eleonora M. Korol

  7. I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of Ukraine, Bogdan Khmelnytsky Street 15, Kyiv, 01030, Ukraine

    Tetiana A. Kuzmina

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  1. Anna Faltýnková
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  2. Olena Kudlai
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  3. Oleksander O. Salganskiy
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  4. Eleonora M. Korol
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  5. Tetiana A. Kuzmina
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Contributions

TAK conceived and planned the study with AF and OK. Material preparation and data collection were performed by OOS, TAK and EMK. Morphological analysis was conducted by AF; molecular analysis was carried out by OK. AF wrote the first draft of the manuscript, TAK and OK wrote parts of it; all authors commented on the drafts. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Anna Faltýnková.

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Faltýnková, A., Kudlai, O., Salganskiy, O.O. et al. Trematodes from Antarctic teleost fishes off Argentine Islands, West Antarctica: molecular and morphological data. Syst Parasitol 99, 491–523 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-022-10041-9

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