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The Effect of Cryogenic Mechanical Alloying and Milling Duration on Powder Particles’ Microstructure of an Oxide Dispersion Strengthened FeCrMnNiCo High-Entropy Alloy

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Abstract

Oxide dispersion strengthened materials are commonly used for high-temperature applications. Among other possibilities, these oxides are mostly introduced by mechanical alloying comprising cold welding and fracturing of powders by high-impact loads during milling. However, despite their outstanding high-temperature performance, these materials are still not established because of their laborious and thus expensive processing. Therefore, to improve mechanical alloying’s efficiency, the effect of lower milling temperatures is investigated on an oxide-dispersion strengthened high-entropy-alloy in the proposed study. To this end, prealloyed FeCrMnNiCo powders were milled together with yttria at cryogenic and room temperature by using a novel attritor cryomill. Powders milled at both temperatures were subsequently compared regarding their macroscopic morphology, amount and size distribution of detectable yttria as well as defect structure by means of high-resolution scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. Investigations showed a significant decrease of powder particle size and an insignificant influence on their aspect-ratio at cryogenic conditions. Furthermore, the phase fraction of detectable yttria got reduced by cryomilling, indicating increased dissolution or at least refinement. Additionally, a higher full width at half maximum accompanied by increased stacking fault probability of the fcc FeCrMnNiCo matrix gained by X-ray diffraction measurements suggests an improved milling efficiency during cryomilling intensified by higher defect density as well as strength of FeCrMnNiCo powders.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support under the scope of the COMET program within the K2 Center “Integrated Computational Material, Process and Product Engineering (IC-MPPE)” (project no. 859480). This program is supported by the Austrian Federal Ministries for Climate Action, Environment, Energy, Mobility, Innovation and Technology (BMK) and for Digital and Economic Affairs (BMDW), represented by the Austrian research funding association (FFG) and the federal states of Styria, Upper Austria and Tyrol.

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On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Materials Center, Leoben Forschung GmbH, Roseggerstraße 12, 8700, Leoben, Austria

    Michael Mayer & Gerald Ressel

  2. Institute of Physics of Materials, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Zizkova 22, 616 62, Brno, Czech Republic

    Jiri Svoboda

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  1. Michael Mayer
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Manuscript submitted August 17, 2021; accepted November 1, 2021.

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Mayer, M., Ressel, G. & Svoboda, J. The Effect of Cryogenic Mechanical Alloying and Milling Duration on Powder Particles’ Microstructure of an Oxide Dispersion Strengthened FeCrMnNiCo High-Entropy Alloy. Metall Mater Trans A 53, 573–584 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-021-06532-x

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