Supernova neutrino detection in NOvA

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Published 5 October 2020 © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Medialab
, , Citation M.A. Acero et al JCAP10(2020)014 DOI 10.1088/1475-7516/2020/10/014

1475-7516/2020/10/014

Abstract

The NOvA long-baseline neutrino experiment uses a pair of large, segmented, liquid-scintillator calorimeters to study neutrino oscillations, using GeV-scale neutrinos from the Fermilab NuMI beam. These detectors are also sensitive to the flux of neutrinos which are emitted during a core-collapse supernova through inverse beta decay interactions on carbon at energies of Script O(10 MeV). This signature provides a means to study the dominant mode of energy release for a core-collapse supernova occurring in our galaxy. We describe the data-driven software trigger system developed and employed by the NOvA experiment to identify and record neutrino data from nearby galactic supernovae. This technique has been used by NOvA to self-trigger on potential core-collapse supernovae in our galaxy, with an estimated sensitivity reaching out to 10 kpc distance while achieving a detection efficiency of 23% to 49% for supernovae from progenitor stars with masses of 9.6 M to 27 M, respectively.

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10.1088/1475-7516/2020/10/014