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Alien flora in a boreal region of European Russia: an example of Kostroma oblast

  • Alien Floras and Faunas 11
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Abstract

The manuscript presents the first comprehensive assessment of alien vascular plants in Kostroma Oblast (Upper Volga, central European Russia), a region with low human density and high proportions of natural and seminatural habitats (boreal forests). The data set combines literature published for 1866–2020 and direct field observations made in 2011–2020. Among the 1200 vascular taxa listed for this region, 330 are neophytes, including 125 casual and 172 naturalized species, with 21 species considered invasive; 33 casual species recorded for the region have vanished. Additionally, we identified 14 naturalized species as potentially invasive. Overall, naturalized alien plants made up ca. 14% of the vascular flora of Kostroma Oblast. Elodea canadensis, Erigeron canadensis, Heracleum pubescens, Lupinus polyphyllus, and Matricaria discoidea are the most widely distributed invasive species across the region. The majority of naturalized taxa originated from Eurasia (i.e., Europe, the Mediterranean, and Asia), while in invasive flora, there is a clear dominance of species from North America. Biennial/perennial herbs are the most common naturalized plants, followed by annuals, while woody species are poorly represented. Twenty-five naturalized species (ca. 8% of all neophyte taxa) were recorded in at least half of all districts in the region. The number of naturalized species per district was notably uneven, increasing in districts with higher human population densities. Compared to other European regions in Russia, Kostroma Oblast has poor alien and particularly naturalized flora; this condition is linked to the socioeconomic features and climatic conditions of the region.

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Acknowledgements

Our sincere gratitude is to Anna Efimova (Kostroma Museum-Reserve, local expert) for her great help during field studies and consultations on distribution of alien plant species. We would like to thank Elena Borisova (Ivanovo State University) for consultations on alien species in Kostroma Oblast. We also thank Galina Konechnaya and Petr Efimov (both from Komarov Botanical Institute) for their great help in the field. We are greatful to the curators of all mentioned herbaria. This study was performed in the framework of the institutional research project of the Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (No. АААА-А19-119031290052-1). JP was supported by Project No. 20-10349J, EXPRO Grant No. 19-28807X (Czech Science Foundation) and long-term research development project RVO 67985939 (Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic). Three anonymous reviewers and Petr Pyšek (editor) are acknowledged for their helpful comments on the manuscript.

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  1. Herbarium of Higher Plants, Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376, St. Petersburg, Russia

    Artem Leostrin

  2. Department of Invasion Ecology, Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic

    Jan Pergl

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Leostrin, A., Pergl, J. Alien flora in a boreal region of European Russia: an example of Kostroma oblast. Biol Invasions 23, 3337–3350 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-021-02589-2

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