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Simulations of Mechanical Response of Superelastic NiTi Helical Spring and its Relation to Fatigue Resistance

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Abstract

Behavior of NiTi shape memory alloys under complex loading is still a subject of both experimental and theoretical investigations. One of the simplest geometries, in which the material is loaded in combined mode and which has also several practical applications, is a simple helical spring. In this contribution, mechanical response of NiTi superelastic spring is analyzed in detail by numerical simulation and the results are compared to experiments. The simulations show complex stress state, which develops during spring stretching. Analyzing fatigue tests with respect to simulated behavior allowed us to find relation between fatigue resistance and periodic changes in volume fraction of martensite induced by cyclic mechanical loading. The work also underlines an extension of the range of stroke amplitudes guaranteeing enhanced life performance of the spring when material transforms through the R-phase.

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Notes

  1. Let us note that there is a direct relation between dissipation function and corresponding yield function through Legendre transformation if some mathematical assumptions are satisfied.

  2. Anisotropy of elastic properties was experimentally confirmed in Ref 23. However, because of difficulties with complete determination of stiffness tensor (5 independent constants for transverse isotropic material), assumption of elastic isotropy was adopted (similarly to Ref 5-10) and elastic properties were determined only by two constants—Young modulus E and shear modulus G. This simplification can only slightly influence the simulation as only shear and tensile/compressive stress components are significant in loaded spring.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank to prof. T. Ben Zineb for providing access to CLCM computation cluster (Centre Lorrain de calcul haute performance en mécanique, France). This work has been conducted within the institutional project RVO: 61388998 of IT ASCR, v.v.i., and within the CENTEM project CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0088. The research has also been supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic through grant projects Nos. 13-13616S, 14-28306P, and 14-15264S and by Academy of Sciences through internal project No. M100761203.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Thermomechanics ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic

    P. Sedlák, M. Frost & A. Kruisová

  2. Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic

    P. Sedlák

  3. New Technologies - Research Center, University of West Bohemia, Plzeň, Czech Republic

    M. Frost

  4. Department of Functional Materials, Institute of Physics ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic

    K. Hiřmanová, L. Heller & P. Šittner

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  1. P. Sedlák
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  2. M. Frost
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Correspondence to P. Sedlák.

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Sedlák, P., Frost, M., Kruisová, A. et al. Simulations of Mechanical Response of Superelastic NiTi Helical Spring and its Relation to Fatigue Resistance. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 23, 2591–2598 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-014-0906-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-014-0906-y

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