Subtyping Cryptosporidium ryanae: A Common Pathogen in Bovine Animals
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Specimens
2.2. Identification of the gp60 Gene of C. ryanae
2.3. Subtyping of C. ryanae
2.4. Sequence Analysis
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Features of the gp60 Gene of C. ryanae
3.2. Sequence Polymorphisms in the gp60 Gene of C. ryanae
3.3. Subtype Families and Subtypes of C. ryanae
3.4. Distribution of C. ryanae Subtypes by Host, Farm, and Geographic Region
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Host | Farms | No. of Specimen Analyzed | Subtype Family (No. of Specimen) |
---|---|---|---|
Dairy cattle | Harbin | 17 | XXIb (17) |
Shijiazhuang-1 | 4 | XXIg (4) | |
Xinghua | 19 | XXIa (7), XXIe (12) | |
Fengxian-1 | 2 | XXIa (2) | |
Fengxian-2 | 3 | XXIa (3) | |
Jinshan | 2 | XXIf (2) | |
Dali | 9 | XXIa (1), XXId (1), XXIg (7) | |
Hezhou | 13 | XXIa (13) | |
Guangzhou-1 | 7 | XXIa (2), XXIb (2), XXIg (3) | |
Guangzhou-2 | 1 | XXIa (1) | |
Qingyuan-1 | 2 | XXIe (2) | |
Qingyuan-2 | 18 | XXIa (18) | |
Foshan | 5 | XXIa (1), XXIf (4) | |
Zhaoqing | 8 | XXIa (8) | |
Beef cattle | Shijiazhuang-2 | 2 | XXIb (1), XXIg (1) |
Yaks | Guoluo | 6 | XXIc (4), XXIf (2) |
Water buffalo | Yueyang | 4 | XXId (2), XXIh (2) |
Total | 122 | XXIa (56), XXIb (20), XXIc (4), XXId (3), XXIe (14), XXIf (8), XXIg (15), XXIh (2) |
XXIa | XXIb | XXIc | XXId | XXIe | XXIf | XXIg | XXIh | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
XXIa | - | |||||||
XXIb | 95.5 | - | ||||||
XXIc | 94.2 | 97.9 | - | |||||
XXId | 92.0 | 92.3 | 91.7 | - | ||||
XXIe | 87.7 | 87.0 | 87.1 | 89.5 | - | |||
XXIf | 83.6 | 83.1 | 83.5 | 87.1 | 93.3 | - | ||
XXIg | 87.0 | 86.3 | 86.8 | 89.6 | 97.1 | 94.1 | - | |
XXIh | 67.8 | 67.9 | 67.4 | 70.6 | 71.0 | 71.8 | 70.0 | - |
Geographical Division | Province | No. of Specimen Subtyped | Subtype Family (No. of Specimen) |
---|---|---|---|
Northern China | Heilongjiang | 17 | XXIb (17) |
Hebei | 4 | XXIg (4) | |
Eastern China | Jiangsu | 19 | XXIa (7), XXIe (12) |
Shanghai | 7 | XXIa (5), XXIf (2) | |
Southern China | Guangxi | 13 | XXIa (13) |
Guangdong | 41 | XXIa (30), XXIb (2), XXIe (2),XXIf (4), XXIg (3) | |
Yunnan | 9 | XXIa (1), XXId (1), XXIg (7) | |
Total | 110 | XXIa (56), XXIb (19), XXId (1),XXIe (14), XXIf (6), XXIg (14) |
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Yang, X.; Huang, N.; Jiang, W.; Wang, X.; Li, N.; Guo, Y.; Kváč, M.; Feng, Y.; Xiao, L. Subtyping Cryptosporidium ryanae: A Common Pathogen in Bovine Animals. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 1107. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8081107
Yang X, Huang N, Jiang W, Wang X, Li N, Guo Y, Kváč M, Feng Y, Xiao L. Subtyping Cryptosporidium ryanae: A Common Pathogen in Bovine Animals. Microorganisms. 2020; 8(8):1107. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8081107
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Xin, Ni Huang, Wen Jiang, Xinrui Wang, Na Li, Yaqiong Guo, Martin Kváč, Yaoyu Feng, and Lihua Xiao. 2020. "Subtyping Cryptosporidium ryanae: A Common Pathogen in Bovine Animals" Microorganisms 8, no. 8: 1107. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8081107